Javascript正则表达式模式匹配单个字符串的多个字符串（AND，OR） [英] Javascript regex pattern match multiple strings ( AND, OR ) against single string

问题描述

我需要根据相当复杂的查询来过滤字符串集合 - 在它的原始形式中它看起来像这样：

I need to filter a collection of strings based on a rather complex query - in it's "raw" form it looks like this:

nano* AND (regulat* OR *toxic* OR ((risk OR hazard) AND (exposure OR release)) )

要匹配的其中一个字符串的示例：

An example of one of the strings to match against:

Workshop on the Second Regulatory Review on Nanomaterials, 30 January 2013, Brussels

因此，我需要使用AND OR和通配符匹配 - 所以，我认为我需要在JavaScript中使用正则表达式。

So, I need to match using AND OR and wildcard characters - so, I presume I'll need to use a regex in JavaScript.

我已经正确循环，过滤并且通常正常工作，但我100％肯定我的正则表达式是错误 - 并且错误地省略了一些结果 - 这里是：

I have it all looping correctly, filtering and generally working, but I'm 100% sure my regex is wrong - and some results are being omitted wrongly - here it is:

/(nano[a-zA-Z])?(regulat[a-zA-Z]|[a-zA-Z]toxic[a-zA-Z]|((risk|hazard)*(exposure|release)))/i

任何帮助都会非常感激 - 我真的无法正确地将我的思想抽象到坚持这种语法！

Any help would be greatly appreciated - I really can't abstract my mind correctly to understand this syntax!

更新：

很少有人指出正则表达式的重要性构造，但我无法控制将被搜索的文本字符串，所以我需要找到一个无论顺序如何都可以工作的解决方案。

Few people are point out the importance of the order in which the regex is constructed, however I have no control over the text strings that will be searched, so I need to find a solution that can work regardless of the order or either.

更新：

最终使用PHP解决方案，由于Twitter API 1.0的弃用，请参阅pastebin例如函数（我知道最好在这里粘贴代码，但有很多......）：

Eventually used a PHP solution, due to deprecation of twitter API 1.0, see pastebin for example function ( I know it's better to paste code here, but there's a lot... ):

函数： http://pastebin.com/MpWSGtHK
用法： http： //pastebin.com/pP2AHEvk

感谢所有帮助

推荐答案

单个正则表达式不是正确的工具，IMO：

A single regex is not the right tool for this, IMO:

/^(?=.*\bnano)(?=(?:.*\bregulat|.*toxic|(?=.*(?:\brisk\b|\bhazard\b))(?=.*(?:\bexposure\b|\brelease\b))))/i.test(subject))

将返回True如果字符串符合您提出的标准，但我发现嵌套的前瞻是非常难以理解的。如果JavaScript支持注释的正则表达式，它将如下所示：

would return True if the string fulfills the criteria you set forth, but I find nested lookaheads quite incomprehensible. If JavaScript supported commented regexes, it would look like this:

^                 # Anchor search to start of string
(?=.*\bnano)      # Assert that the string contains a word that starts with nano
(?=               # AND assert that the string contains...
 (?:              #  either
  .*\bregulat     #   a word starting with regulat
 |                #  OR
  .*toxic         #   any word containing toxic
 |                #  OR
  (?=             #   assert that the string contains
   .*             #    any string
   (?:            #    followed by
    \brisk\b      #    the word risk
   |              #    OR
    \bhazard\b    #    the word hazard
   )              #    (end of inner OR alternation)
  )               #   (end of first AND condition)
  (?=             #   AND assert that the string contains
   .*             #    any string
   (?:            #    followed by
    \bexposure\b  #    the word exposure
   |              #    OR
    \brelease\b   #    the word release
   )              #    (end of inner OR alternation)
  )               #   (end of second AND condition)
 )                #  (end of outer OR alternation)
)                 # (end of lookahead assertion)

注意整个正则表达式由前瞻断言组成，因此匹配结果本身将始终为空字符串。

Note that the entire regex is composed of lookahead assertions, so the match result itself will always be the empty string.

相反，您可以使用单个正则表达式：

Instead, you could use single regexes:

if (/\bnano/i.test(str) &&
    ( 
        /\bregulat|toxic/i.test(str) ||
        ( 
            /\b(?:risk|hazard)\b/i.test(str) &&
            /\b(?:exposure|release)\b/i.test(str)
        )
    )
)    /* all tests pass */

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