调用与事件关联的匿名函数 [英] invoking anonymous function associated with an event

问题描述

以下代码不起作用

<input id="inp" type="text"
onfocus="(function(){document.getElementById('inp').style.background="yellow";})">

但是这段代码可以正常工作

But this code works as I wish it to work

<input id="inp" type="text"
onfocus="(function(e){document.getElementById('inp').style.background ='yellow';}(this)">

为什么第一个代码不起作用？

Why doesn't the first code work ?

推荐答案

第一个不起作用，因为它包含在括号中，因此它是一个函数表达式，而不是一个函数声明。表达式意味着被评估，所以当你的元素得到焦点时，表达式被计算，但不被调用。另外，你有双引号嵌套在双引号中，这将导致语法错误（黄色）。这些都需要更改为单引号。

The first doesn't work because it is wrapped in parenthesis and therefore it is a function "expression", rather than a function "declaration". Expressions are meant to be "evaluated", so when your element gets the focus, the expression is evaluated, but not invoked. Also, you have double-quotes nested within double-quotes, which would cause a syntax error ("yellow"). Those would need to be changed to single quotes.

第二个是有效的，因为expression立即被第二组括号（this）调用。

The second works because the "expression" is immediately invoked by the second set of parenthesis (this).

但是，两种语法都应该是避免。不要使用内联HTML事件属性来连接事件处理回调函数，因为它们：

However, both syntaxes should be avoided. Don't use inline HTML event attributes to wire up event handling callback functions because they:

• 创建难以阅读的spaghetti代码并导致重复
  代码


• 创建全局包装函数，改变
  函数中的 this 绑定


• 请勿关注 W3C DOM活动标准

• create spaghetti code that is hard to read and leads to duplication of code
• create global wrapper functions that alter the this binding in the function
• don't follow the W3C DOM Event standard

相反，请用JavaScript编写事件处理程序：

Instead, write your event handlers in JavaScript:

// Get a reference to the DOM element
var input = document.getElementById("inp");

// Wire up an event handler
input.addEventListener("focus", function(e){
  input.style.background ='yellow';
});

<input id="inp" type="text">

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