如何在JSF中控制访问和权限? [英] How control access and rights in JSF?

问题描述

用户登录系统后，我想控制访问权限.

I would like to control the access after the user log in my system.

例如:

administrator : can add, delete and give rights to employee
employee : fill forms only
...

因此，在知道用户拥有哪些权限之后，检入数据库，我想限制该用户可以看到和执行的操作. 有一种简单的方法吗?

So after knowing which right the user has, checking in database, I would like to restrict what this user can see and do. There's a simple way to do that ?

编辑

@WebFilter("/integra/user/*")
public class LoginFilter implements Filter {

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws ServletException, IOException {    
        HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest) request;
        Authorization authorization = (Authorization) req.getSession().getAttribute("authorization");

        if (authorization != null && authorization.isLoggedIn()) {
            // User is logged in, so just continue request.
            chain.doFilter(request, response);
        } else {
            // User is not logged in, so redirect to index.
            HttpServletResponse res = (HttpServletResponse) response;
            res.sendRedirect(req.getContextPath() + "/integra/login.xhtml");
        }
    }

    // You need to override init() and destroy() as well, but they can be kept empty.


    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {

    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() {
    }
}

推荐答案

嗯，这是一个相当广泛的主题.当您开始使用自定义身份验证时，我将针对自定义授权进行回答.

Well, this is a pretty broad subject. As you're starting off with homebrewed authentication, I'll target the answer on homebrewed authorization.

如果模型设计合理，则Java/JSF中的角色检查本身就相对简单.假设一个用户可以有多个角色(在现实世界中通常是这样)，那么您最终将希望拥有类似的东西:

Role checking in Java/JSF is at its own relatively simple if the model is sensibly designed. Assuming that a single user can have multiple roles (as is often the case in real world applications), you'd ultimately like to end up having something like:

public class User {

    private List<Role> roles;

    // ...

    public boolean hasRole(Role role) {
        return roles.contains(role);
    }

}

public enum Role {

    EMPLOYEE, MANAGER, ADMIN;

}

，以便您可以在JSF视图中进行如下检查:

so that you can check it as follows in your JSF views:

<h:selectManyCheckbox value="#{user.roles}" disabled="#{not user.hasRole('ADMIN')}">
    <f:selectItems value="#{Role}" />
</h:selectManyCheckbox>

<h:commandButton value="Delete" rendered="#{user.hasRole('ADMIN')}" />

并在您的过滤器中:

String path = req.getRequestURI().substring(req.getContextPath().length());

if (path.startsWith("/integra/user/admin/") && !user.hasRole(Role.ADMIN)) {
    res.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_UNAUTHORIZED);
}

---

最困难的部分是将此Java模型转换为合理的DB模型.根据具体的业务需求，有几种不同的方法，每种方法都有其自身的(不利)优势.也许您已经有一个数据库模型，必须在该模型上建立Java模型(因此，您需要自下而上地进行设计)?

---

The hardest part is translating this Java model to a sane DB model. There are several different ways depending on the concrete business requirements, each with its own (dis)advantages. Or perhaps you already have a DB model on which you have to base your Java model (thus, you need to design bottom-up)?

无论如何，假设您使用的是JPA 2.0(您的问题历史记录至少证实了这一点)并且可以自上而下进行设计，最简单的方法之一就是将roles属性映射为 @ElementCollection 相对于user_roles表.由于我们使用的是Role枚举，因此不需要第二个role表.同样，这取决于具体的功能和业务需求.

Anyway, assuming that you're using JPA 2.0 (your question history at least confirms this) and that you can design top-down, one of the easiest ways would be to map the roles property as an @ElementCollection against an user_roles table. As we're using a Role enum, a second role table isn't necessary. Again, that depends on the concrete functional and business requirements.

在通用SQL术语中，user_roles表如下所示:

In generic SQL terms, the user_roles table can look like this:

CREATE TABLE user_roles (
    user_id BIGINT REFERENCES user(id),
    role VARCHAR(16) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY(user_id, role)
)

然后将其映射如下:

@ElementCollection(targetClass=Role.class, fetch=FetchType.EAGER)
@Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)
@CollectionTable(name="user_roles", joinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="user_id")})
@Column(name="role")
private List<Role> roles;

基本上，这就是您需要在User实体中进行更改的所有内容.

That's basically all you'd need to change in your User entity.

在自制认证(登录/注销)和授权(角色检查)旁边，还提供了通过j_security_check或HttpServletRequest#login() ，通过#{request.remoteUser} 和

Next to homebrewed authentication (login/logout) and authorization (role checking), there is also Java EE provided container managed authentication with which you can login by j_security_check or HttpServletRequest#login(), filter HTTP requests by <security-constraint> in web.xml, check the logged-in user by #{request.remoteUser} and its roles by #{request.isUserInRole('ADMIN')}, etc.

然后有多个第三方框架，例如 PicketLink ， Apache Shiro 等等.但这完全是不可能的:)

Then there are several 3rd party frameworks such as PicketLink, Spring Security, Apache Shiro, etc. But this is all out of the question :)

这篇关于如何在JSF中控制访问和权限?的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！