无法从使用javascript加密的网页中获取产品标题 [英] Unable to fetch the title of products from a webpage encrypted within javascript
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问题描述
创建刮板，目的是在运行网页时解析网页中不同产品的标题，但我一无所获.我可以看到所需的内容在javascript元素内.由于我不想使用任何转换器来收集那些标题，所以我希望有人可以使用字典来帮助我.我最初尝试的是:
Creating a scraper for the purpose of parsing the title of different products from a webpage when I run it, I get nothing. What I could see that the desired contents are within javascript element. As I don't wanna use any converter to harvest those titles, I expect somebody to help me get that using dictionary. What I tried initially was this:
Sub RmartData()
Dim http As New XMLHTTP60, html As New HTMLDocument
Dim titelem As Object, title As Object, protitle As Object
With http
.Open "GET", "https://redmart.com/bakery", False
.send
html.body.innerHTML = .responseText
End With
Set titelem = html.getElementsByClassName("description")
For Each title In titelem
Set protitle = title.getElementsByTagName("a")
x = x + 1
Cells(x, 1) = protitle(0).innerText
Next title
End Sub
检查元素，我看到了:
<div class="description"><!-- react-empty: 288 --><h4 title="Gardenia Hotdog Buns 4's"><a href="/product/gardenia-hotdog-buns-4's-13400">Gardenia Hotdog Buns 4's</a></h4><div><span class="size">220 g</span><a href="#" data-tooltip="Guaranteed fresh for 3+ days, inc. delivery day" class="tag green small tooltip">3D+</a></div><div id="BVRRInlineRating-13400" class="ratings"> <div class="bv-cleanslate bv-cv2-cleanslate"> <div data-bv-v="ratingItem:37" class="bv-shared bv-core-container-134 bv-rating-top-statistic">
<!--[if lt IE 7]> <div class="bv-compat bvie6 bvie-lt8 bvie"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 7]> <div class="bv-compat bvie7 bvie-lt8 bvie"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 8]> <div class="bv-compat bvie8 bvie"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 9]> <div class="bv-compat bvie9 bvie"> <![endif]--> <!--[if gt IE 9]> <!--><div class="bv-compat"> <!--<![endif]--> <div class="bv-inline-rating-container"> <dl class="bv-stars-container" role="presentation"> <dd class="bv-rating-ratio" role="presentation"> <span class="bv-rating-stars-container"> <span class="bv-rating-stars bv-rating-stars-off" aria-hidden="true"> ★★★★★ </span> <span class="bv-rating-stars-on bv-rating-stars" style="width:40% !important;" aria-hidden="true"> ★★★★★ </span> <span class="bv-off-screen">2 out of 5 stars. Read reviews.</span> </span> </dd> <dd class="bv-rating-ratio-count" role="presentation"> <span class="bv-rating-label"> (1) </span> </dd> </dl> </div> </div>
</div> </div></div></div>
在chrome开发人员工具中，点击响应按钮，我得到以下提示:
In chrome developer tools, clicking the response button I get this:
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:og="http://ogp.me/ns#" xmlns:fb="http://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><title>Online Grocery Shopping - Groceries Delivery Singapore | RedMart</title><meta name="description" content="Singapore's leading online grocery service. Fresh groceries, household essentials and specialty products delivered to your door."><meta name="keywords" content="online groceries, grocery delivery singapore, online grocery shopping, online supermarket"><meta name="p:domain_verify" content="bf4d2b7c4d98534d44b1f2ff3bb02ee7"><meta name="msvalidate.01" content="A8CF80424AEF2B51E2C1313E6EA133BD"/><meta name="google-site-verification" content="AXdSfFmvBak9HqZjP7ihAAN5v2iVUu7BEsbCIcvJgwg"/><meta property="og:type" content="website"><meta property="og:title" content="Online Grocery Shopping - Groceries Delivery Singapore"><meta property="og:description" content="Singapore's leading online grocery service. Fresh groceries, household essentials and specialty products delivered to your door."><meta property="og:url" content="https://redmart.com/"><meta property="og:image" content="https://s3-ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/media.redmart.com/assets/logo-FB.png"><meta property="og:site_name" content="RedMart"><meta property="fb:app_id" content="219268451429695"><meta name="git:tag" content="" 2="" 13="" 0=""><meta name="git:rev" content="68f1442"><meta name="git:commit_id" content="68f14427b86c2d64a3733140b5c205a013eb00e2"><meta name="git:date" content="2017-05-11 09:57:13 +0800"><meta name="viewport" content="width=1024"><link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/img/favicon.ca3eb8fb.png"><meta name="apple-itunes-app" content="app-id=606780396, app-argument={{url}}"><meta name="google-play-app" content="app-id=com.redmart.redmart"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="http://media.redmart.com/assets/appicon-152x152.png"><link rel="alternate" href="android-app://com.redmart.redmart"/><meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"><meta name="mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"><link rel="stylesheet" href="/styles/app.afc1f1db.css"><link rel="canonical" href="https://redmart.com/"/><style>.spinner{width:80px;height:80px;margin:0;padding: 0;border:1px solid #ee4054;-webkit-border-radius:50%;border-radius:50%;border-top-color:transparent;border-left-color:transparent;-webkit-animation:spin 600ms infinite linear;-moz-animation:spin 600ms infinite linear;-o-animation:spin 600ms infinite linear;-ms-animation:spin 600ms infinite linear;animation:spin 600ms infinite linear}@-moz-keyframes spin{100%{-webkit-transform:rotate(360deg);-moz-transform:rotate(360deg);-o-transform:rotate(360deg);-ms-transform:rotate(360deg);transform:rotate(360deg)}}@-webkit-keyframes spin{100%{-webkit-transform:rotate(360deg);-moz-transform:rotate(360deg);-o-transform:rotate(360deg);-ms-transform:rotate(360deg);transform:rotate(360deg)}}@-o-keyframes spin{100%{-webkit-transform:rotate(360deg);-moz-transform:rotate(360deg);-o-transform:rotate(360deg);-ms-transform:rotate(360deg);transform:rotate(360deg)}}@keyframes spin{100%{-webkit-transform:rotate(360deg);-moz-transform:rotate(360deg);-o-transform:rotate(360deg);-ms-transform:rotate(360deg);transform:rotate(360deg)}}</style><body style="background: #ECF0F1"><div id="app" class="firstLoad"><header id="navbar"></header><div id="middle"><aside id="leftSidebar"></aside><section id="layoutContainerWrapper"><section id="stickyNotification"></section><section id="contentBanner"></section><section id="contentTabs"></section><section id="contentWrapper"><section id="contentNavigation"></section><article id="contentSection"></article></section></section><aside id="rightSidebar"></aside></div><footer id="footer"></footer></div><div id="notifications"></div><div id="lightbox" class="hide"></div><div id="modal"></div><div id="tooltips"></div><div id="overlay"></div><div id="offline" 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c1.475,0,2.193,0.679,3.076,2.906c0.215,0.535,0.406,1.496,0.555,2.313H10.603z M22.421,35.817l0.421-23.713l1.224-0.047 l2.714,21.685L22.421,35.817z"/></g></svg><div id="mainSpinner" class="spinner" style="position:absolute; left:50%; top:50%; margin-top:-40px; margin-left:-40px"></div><script type="application/ld+json">{
"@context": "http://schema.org",
"@type": "WebSite",
"url": "https://redmart.com/",
"potentialAction": {
"@type": "SearchAction",
"target": "https://redmart.com/search/{productSearch}",
"query-input": "required name=productSearch"
}
}</script>
推荐答案
通过链接提供的网页源HTML https://redmart.com/bakery 不包含必要的数据，它使用AJAX.网站 https://redmart.com 具有可用的API.响应以JSON格式返回.导航页面e. G.在Chrome中，然后打开开发人员工具"窗口( F12 )，网络"选项卡，重新加载( F5 )页面并检查记录的XHR.最相关的数据是URL返回的JSON字符串:
The webpage source HTML by the link provided https://redmart.com/bakery doesn't contain the necessary data, it uses AJAX. The website https://redmart.com has an API available. Response is returned in JSON format. Navigate the page e. g. in Chrome, then open Developer Tools window (F12), Network tab, reload (F5) the page and examine logged XHRs. Most relevant data is JSON string returned by the URL:
您可以使用下面的VBA代码检索信息，如上所述. 将 JSON.bas 模块导入VBA项目中以进行JSON处理.
You may use the below VBA code to retrieve info as described above. Import JSON.bas module into the VBA project for JSON processing.
Option Explicit
Sub Scrape_redmart_com()
Dim sResponse As String
Dim oQuery As Object
Dim sQuery As String
Dim sState As String
Dim vJSON
Dim aResult()
Dim aProdSets()
Dim aProds()
Dim aRows()
Dim aHeader()
Dim j As Long
Dim i As Long
Dim u As Long
' Set query parameters
Set oQuery = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary")
With oQuery
.Add "extent", "2"
.Add "pageSize", "6"
.Add "sort", "1"
.Add "category", "bakery"
End With
sQuery = EncodeQueryParams(oQuery)
' Retrieve JSON data
XmlHttpRequest "GET", "https://api.redmart.com/v1.5.7/catalog/search?" & sQuery, "", "", "", sResponse
' Parse JSON response
JSON.Parse sResponse, vJSON, sState
If sState <> "Object" Then
MsgBox "Invalid JSON response"
Exit Sub
End If
' Init output
ThisWorkbook.Sheets(1).Cells.Delete
aResult = Array() ' Set ubound to -1
' Iterate over product sets
aProdSets = vJSON("productSets")
For j = 0 To UBound(aProdSets)
aProds = aProdSets(j)("products")
' Populate result array
u = UBound(aResult) + 1
ReDim Preserve aResult(u + UBound(aProds))
For i = 0 To UBound(aProds)
' Copy properties from product set into each product
Set aResult(u + i) = ExtractKeys( _
aProdSets(j), _
Array( _
"category", _
"on_sale_count", _
"total"), _
aResult(u + i) _
)
' Extract selected properties from product
Set aResult(u + i) = ExtractKeys( _
aProds(i), _
Array( _
"id", _
"title", _
"desc", _
"details", _
"product_life", _
"measure", _
"pricing", _
"sku", _
"img"), _
aResult(u + i) _
)
DoEvents
Next
Next
' Convert combined result to arrays for output
JSON.ToArray aResult, aRows, aHeader
' Output
With ThisWorkbook.Sheets(1)
OutputArray .Cells(1, 1), aHeader
Output2DArray .Cells(2, 1), aRows
.Columns.AutoFit
End With
MsgBox "Completed"
End Sub
Sub XmlHttpRequest(sMethod As String, sUrl As String, arrSetHeaders, sFormData, sRespHeaders As String, sContent As String)
Dim arrHeader
'With CreateObject("Msxml2.ServerXMLHTTP")
' .SetOption 2, 13056 ' SXH_SERVER_CERT_IGNORE_ALL_SERVER_ERRORS
With CreateObject("MSXML2.XMLHTTP")
.Open sMethod, sUrl, False
If IsArray(arrSetHeaders) Then
For Each arrHeader In arrSetHeaders
.SetRequestHeader arrHeader(0), arrHeader(1)
Next
End If
.send sFormData
sRespHeaders = .GetAllResponseHeaders
sContent = .responseText
End With
End Sub
Function EncodeQueryParams(oParams As Object) As String
Dim aParams
Dim i As Long
aParams = oParams.Keys()
For i = 0 To UBound(aParams)
aParams(i) = EncodeUriComponent((aParams(i))) & "=" & EncodeUriComponent((oParams(aParams(i))))
Next
EncodeQueryParams = Join(aParams, "&")
End Function
Function EncodeUriComponent(strText As String) As String
Static objHtmlfile As Object
If objHtmlfile Is Nothing Then
Set objHtmlfile = CreateObject("htmlfile")
objHtmlfile.parentWindow.execScript "function encode(s) {return encodeURIComponent(s)}", "jscript"
End If
EncodeUriComponent = objHtmlfile.parentWindow.encode(strText)
End Function
Function ExtractKeys(oSource, aKeys, Optional oTarget = Nothing) As Object
Dim vKey
If TypeName(oTarget) <> "Dictionary" Then Set oTarget = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary")
For Each vKey In aKeys
If oSource.Exists(vKey) Then
If IsObject(oSource(vKey)) Then
Set oTarget(vKey) = oSource(vKey)
Else
oTarget(vKey) = oSource(vKey)
End If
End If
Next
Set ExtractKeys = oTarget
End Function
Sub OutputArray(oDstRng As Range, aCells As Variant)
With oDstRng
.Parent.Select
With .Resize(1, UBound(aCells) - LBound(aCells) + 1)
.NumberFormat = "@"
.Value = aCells
End With
End With
End Sub
Sub Output2DArray(oDstRng As Range, aCells As Variant)
With oDstRng
.Parent.Select
With .Resize( _
UBound(aCells, 1) - LBound(aCells, 1) + 1, _
UBound(aCells, 2) - LBound(aCells, 2) + 1)
.NumberFormat = "@"
.Value = aCells
End With
End With
End Sub
对我来说输出如下:
顺便说一句，在以下答案中采用了相同的方法: 1 ， 3 ，4 ， 5 ， 7 和8 .
BTW, the same approach applied in the following answers: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8.
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