如何使用嵌套对象将CSV文件转换为特定的JSON格式? [英] How to convert CSV file to a specific JSON format with nested objects?

问题描述

我想用CSV文件中的数据填充json消息.我希望每一行都是一个新" json对象.我正在使用Python，完成后会将代码连接到API.某些数据需要tp归类为"personalinfo"和"carinfo"，并且我需要按照下面的"Expected json message output"(正确的json消息输出)在正确的类别下填充正确的数据.

I want to populate my json message with data from a CSV file. I want each row to be a "new" json object. I am using Python and will connect the the code to an API once done. Some of the data needs tp be categorized under "personalinfo" and "carinfo" and I need the correct data to be populated under the right category as under the "Expected json message output" below.

这是我到目前为止所拥有的:

This is what I have so far:

import csv
import json

csvfile = open('test.csv', 'r')
jsonfile = open('file.json', 'w')

fieldnames = ("firstname","r", "lastname","r", "age","r", "gender","r",
              "model","r", "price","r", "loan","r")
reader = csv.DictReader(csvfile, fieldnames)
out = json.dumps( [ row for >row in reader ] )
jsonfile.write(out)

我不知道如何添加两个"personalinfo"和"carinfo"类别.

I do not know how to add the two "personalinfo" and "carinfo" categories.

csv表示例:

 FirstName  LastName    Age gender  Car model Price loan
    Anna    Andersson   28  F       Audi    A8 40    FALSE

预期的json消息输出:

Expected json message output:

{
    "personalinfo": {
        "firstname": "Anna",
        "lastname": "Andersson",
        "age": "28",
        "gender": "F",

        "carinfo": [{
            "car": "Audi",
            "model": "A8"
        }],

        "price": 40,
        "loan": "FALSE"
    }
}

下一条记录应该是一个新的json对象.

Next record should be a new json object.

推荐答案

您需要将csv文件中的每一行数据转换为您所描述的JSON对象.这可以通过调用单个函数来实现，该函数从csv文件中获取row字典并执行以下操作:

You need to convert each row of data in the csv file into a JSON object laid-out the way you described. This can be accomplished by calling a single function which takes the row dictionary from the csv file and does just that:

import csv
import json

def make_record(row):
    return {
               "personalinfo": {
                   "firstname": row["FirstName"],
                   "lastname": row["LastName"],
                   "age": row["Age"],
                   "gender": row["gender"],

                   "carinfo": [{
                       "car": row["Car"],
                       "model": row["model"]

                   }],
                   "price": row["Price"],
                   "loan": row["loan"]

               }
           }

with open('csv_test.csv', 'r', newline='') as csvfile:
     reader = csv.DictReader(csvfile, delimiter='\t')
     with open('json_file.json', 'w') as jsonfile:
        out = json.dumps([make_record(row) for row in reader])
        jsonfile.write(out)

# show result
with open('json_file.json', 'r') as jsonfile:
    print('results:')
    print(json.dumps(json.load(jsonfile), indent=4))

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