具有多处理功能的Python代码在Windows上不起作用 [英] Python code with multiprocessing does not work on Windows

问题描述

下面的幼稚，绝对入门代码在Ubuntu 14.04(Python 2.7.6)和Cygwin(Python 2.7.8)上可以100％很好地工作，但是在Windows 64位(Python 2.7.8)上却挂起了.我已经观察到使用 multiprocessing 软件包的其他代码片段也是如此.

The following naive, absolute-beginner code works 100% well on Ubuntu 14.04 (Python 2.7.6) and Cygwin (Python 2.7.8) but it hangs on Windows 64-bit (Python 2.7.8). I have observed the same with another snippets using the multiprocessing package.

from multiprocessing import Process, Queue
from time import time

def WallisPi(N,out):    # Pi by the (slowly convergent) Wallis method.
    prod = 1.0
    for i in xrange(2,N,2):
        prod = prod*(i**2)/((i+1)**2)
    prod = 2.0e0*prod*(i+1)
    out.put(prod)
    return 0

if __name__ == '__main__':
    
    T = [15000000, 25000000, 30000000, 40000000]
    
    ti = time()
    
    q1 = Queue()
    p1 = Process(target=WallisPi, args=(T[0],q1))
    p1.start()
    
    q2 = Queue()
    p2 = Process(target=WallisPi, args=(T[1],q2))
    p2.start()

    q3 = Queue()
    p3 = Process(target=WallisPi, args=(T[2],q3))
    p3.start()

    q4 = Queue()
    p4 = Process(target=WallisPi, args=(T[3],q4))
    p4.start()
    
    p = [p1, p2, p3, p4]
    
    for item in p:
        item.join()

    q = [q1, q2, q3, q4]
    
    print "\n"
    
    Num = len(q)
    
    for i in range(0,Num):
        print "Pi at ",T[i], "terms = ", q[i].get()

    tf = time()
    print "\nElapsed time: ", round((tf-ti),2), " secs."

我想知道这段代码怎么了?

I wonder what's wrong with this code?

在此先感谢您的帮助.

Fausto

推荐答案

取决于运行Python的方式，您可能需要使用

Depending on how you run Python, you might need to use freeze_support on Windows:

需要在主模块的if __name__ == '__main__'行之后直接调用此函数.例如:

One needs to call this function straight after the if __name__ == '__main__' line of the main module. For example:

from multiprocessing import Process, freeze_support

def f():
    print 'hello world!'

if __name__ == '__main__':
    freeze_support()
    Process(target=f).start()

另请参见Windows上的编程指南.

See also the programming guidelines on Windows.

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