MongoDB中具有动态键字段的JSON模式 [英] JSON Schema with dynamic key field in MongoDB

问题描述

想要对mongodb集合中存储的对象提供i18n支持

Want to have a i18n support for objects stored in mongodb collection

当前我们的模式如下:

{
  _id: "id"
  name: "name"
  localization: [{
    lan: "en-US",
    name: "name_in_english"
  }, {
    lan: "zh-TW",
    name: "name_in_traditional_chinese"
  }]
}

但是我认为字段"lan"是唯一的，我可以只将该字段用作键，所以结构应该是

but my thought is that field "lan" is unique, can I just use this field as a key, so the structure would be

{
  _id: "id"
  name: "name"
  localization: {
    "en-US": "name_in_english",
    "zh-TW": "name_in_traditional_chinese"
  }
}

这将更加整洁且易于解析(仅localization [language]将获得我想要的特定语言的值).

which would be neater and easier to parse (just localization[language] would get the value i want for specific language).

但是接下来的问题是:这是在MongoDB中存储数据的好习惯吗?以及如何通过json模式检查?

But then the question is: Is this a good practice in storing data in MongoDB? And how to pass the json-schema check?

推荐答案

将值用作键不是一个好习惯.语言代码是值，正如您所说，您无法根据模式对其进行验证.这使得查询它成为不可能.例如，您无法确定您是否为"nl-NL"提供了语言翻译，因为您无法与键进行比较，也无法轻松地为其编制索引.您应该始终具有描述性的密钥.

It is not a good practice to have values as keys. The language codes are values and as you say you can not validate them against a schema. It makes querying against it impossible. For example, you can't figure out if you have a language translation for "nl-NL" as you can't compare against keys and neither is it possible to easily index this. You should always have descriptive keys.

但是，正如您所说的那样，将语言作为键可以更容易地提取数据，因为您可以通过['nl-NL'](或任何语言的语法)进行访问.

However, as you say, having the languages as keys makes it a lot easier to pull the data out as you can just access it by ['nl-NL'] (or whatever your language's syntax is).

我建议使用其他模式:

{
    your_id: "id_for_name"
    lan: "en-US",
    name: "name_in_english"
}
{
    your_id: "id_for_name"
    lan: "zh-TW",
    name: "name_in_traditional_chinese"
}

现在您可以:

• 在{ your_id: 1, lan: 1 }上设置索引以快速查找
• 分别查询每个翻译，然后获取该翻译:
  db.so.find( { your_id: "id_for_name", lan: 'en-US' } )
• 使用相同的索引查询每个id的所有版本:
  db.so.find( { your_id: "id_for_name" } )

• ，并且更轻松地更新特定语言的翻译:

• set an index on { your_id: 1, lan: 1 } for speedy lookups
• query for each translation individually and just get that translation:
  db.so.find( { your_id: "id_for_name", lan: 'en-US' } )
• query for all the versions for each id using this same index:
  db.so.find( { your_id: "id_for_name" } )

• and also much easier update the translation for a specific language:

db.so.update(
    { your_id: "id_for_name", lan: 'en-US' }, 
    { $set: { name: "ooga" } } 
)

建议的模式中所有这些点都是不可能的.

Neither of those points are possible with your suggested schemas.

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