用字典中的键反转多个值 [英] Reverse multiple values with keys in dictionary

问题描述

我对Python和整体编程非常陌生，请耐心等待.

I'm quite new to Python and overall programming so bear with me.

我所拥有的是一个以['Male', 'Female', 'Eunuch']作为值的字典，并以这些键的不同名称作为键:

What I have is a dictionary of ['Male', 'Female', 'Eunuch'] as values and different names for these as keys:

Persons = { 'Hodor' : 'Male', 'Tyrion': 'Male', 'Theon': 'Male', 'Arya': 'Female', 'Daenerys': 'Female', 'Sansa': 'Female', 'Varys': 'Eunuch}

我想将它们订购到{ Gender: {Names: Counts}}

因此:

输入: lst = ['Hodor', 'Hodor', 'Tyrion', 'Tyrion', 'Tyrion', 'Arya', 'Daenerys', 'Daenerys', 'Varys']

输出: {'Male': {'Hodor': 2, 'Tyrion': 3, Theon: 0}, 'Female': {'Arya': 1, 'Daenerys': 2, 'Sansa': 0}, 'Eunuch': {'Varys': 1}}

我尝试的第一件事是编写用于计数的代码:

The first thing I have tried is making a code for counting:

counts = {}
for key in Persons: 
    counts[key] = 0 

for key in lst:
    counts[key] += 1

我的字典D现在包含计数，但是如何将它们全部计算在一起?

My dictionary D now contains the counts, but how do I compute them all together?

Names = Persons.keys() Gender = Persons.values() Counts = counts.values() Names = counts.keys()

如果未提及差异，则不应在输出中显示性别太监". 我尝试了不同的事情，但是当我尝试将它们连接起来时.我尝试用值切换键，但是只有一个名字出现.

If varys isn't mentioned the gender 'Eunuch' shouldn't be in the output. I've tried different things, but when I try to connect them. I try to switch keys with values, but then only one name comes up.

希望这对我想做的事情有意义:)

Hope it makes sense of what I want to do :)

如果没有提到Sansa并且其他女性是她，那么她的值应该为0.我希望能够处理数字.说出与所有男性相比，霍多尔提到的百分比是多少.

If Sansa isn't mention and other females are her value should be 0. And I want to be able to manipulate the numbers. Say at what percentage is Hodor mentioned compared to all the males.

推荐答案

考虑

from collections import Counter

cnt = Counter(lst)
print {gender: {name: cnt[name] for name in persons if persons[name] == gender}
          for gender in set(persons.values())}

# {'Eunuch': {'Varys': 1}, 
# 'Male': {'Tyrion': 3, 'Hodor': 2, 'Theon': 0}, 
# 'Female': {'Daenerys': 2, 'Arya': 1, 'Sansa': 0}}

要计算百分比，我们添加一个辅助函数:

To calculate percentages let's add a helper function:

def percentage_dict(d):
    s = float(sum(d.values()))
    return {k: 100 * v / s for k, v in d.items()}

然后

print {gender: percentage_dict({name: cnt[name] for name in persons if persons[name] == gender})
       for gender in set(persons.values())}

# {'Eunuch': {'Varys': 100.0}, 'Male': {'Hodor': 40.0, 'Theon': 0.0, 'Tyrion': 60.0}, 'Female': {'Daenerys': 66.66666666666667, 'Arya': 33.333333333333336, 'Sansa': 0.0}}

这是使用辅助函数更有效地编写此理解的方法:

And this is how to write this comprehension more efficiently using a helper function:

def invert(d):
    """Turn {a:x, b:x} into {x:[a,b]}"""
    r = {}
    for k, v in d.items():
        r.setdefault(v, []).append(k)
    return r

然后

cnt = Counter(lst)
print {gender: {name: cnt[name] for name in names}
       for gender, names in invert(persons).items()}

排除总计为零的下标

print {gender: {name: cnt[name] for name in names}
    for gender, names in invert(persons).items()
    if any(cnt[name] for name in names)
}

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