Kotlin数据类:如果在编译时不知道属性名称，该如何读取属性的值? [英] Kotlin data class: how to read the value of property if I don't know its name at compile time?

问题描述

如果仅在运行时知道属性名称，如何读取Kotlin数据类实例中的属性值?

How can I read the value of property in a Kotlin data class instance if the property name is only known at runtime?

推荐答案

此处是从给定属性名称的类的实例读取属性的函数(如果找不到属性，则抛出异常，但是您可以更改行为):

Here is a function to read a property from an instance of a class given the property name (throws exception if property not found, but you can change that behaviour):

import kotlin.reflect.KProperty1
import kotlin.reflect.full.memberProperties

@Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST")
fun <R> readInstanceProperty(instance: Any, propertyName: String): R {
    val property = instance::class.memberProperties
                     // don't cast here to <Any, R>, it would succeed silently 
                     .first { it.name == propertyName } as KProperty1<Any, *> 
    // force a invalid cast exception if incorrect type here
    return property.get(instance) as R  
}

用法示例:

// some data class
data class MyData(val name: String, val age: Int)
val sample = MyData("Fred", 33)

// and reading property "name" from an instance...
val name: String = readInstanceProperty(sample, "name")

// and reading property "age" placing the type on the function call...
val age = readInstanceProperty<Int>(sample, "age")

println(name) // Fred
println(age)  // 33

注意: org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-reflect依赖项是使用Kotlin反射所必需的.

Note: The org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-reflect dependency is required to use Kotlin reflection.

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