获取应用程序的路径 [英] Get the application's path
问题描述
我最近搜索了如何在Java中获取应用程序的目录.我终于找到了答案，但是我需要很长的时间，因为搜索这样一个通用术语并不容易.我认为最好汇编一下以多种语言实现此目标的列表.
I've recently searched how I could get the application's directory in Java. I've finally found the answer but I've needed surprisingly long because searching for such a generic term isn't easy. I think it would be a good idea to compile a list of how to achieve this in multiple languages.
如果您(不喜欢)这个主意，可以随意上/下投票；如果您喜欢，请贡献.
Feel free to up/downvote if you (don't) like the idea and please contribute if you like it.
包含可执行文件的目录和当前工作目录(在Unix下由pwd给出)之间有很好的区别.我最初对前者感兴趣，但也可以随意发布确定后者的方法(阐明您的意思).
There's a fine distinction between the directory that contains the executable file and the current working directory (given by pwd under Unix). I was originally interested in the former but feel free to post methods for determining the latter as well (clarifying which one you mean).
推荐答案
在 Java 中的调用
System.getProperty("user.dir")
和
new java.io.File(".").getAbsolutePath();
返回当前工作目录.
致电
getClass().getProtectionDomain().getCodeSource().getLocation().getPath();
返回包含当前类的JAR文件的路径，如果直接从文件系统运行，则返回产生当前类的CLASSPATH元素(路径).
returns the path to the JAR file containing the current class, or the CLASSPATH element (path) that yielded the current class if you're running directly from the filesystem.
示例:
-
您的应用程序位于
Your application is located at
C:\MyJar.jar
打开外壳程序(cmd.exe)，并cd到C:\ test \ subdirectory.
Open the shell (cmd.exe) and cd to C:\test\subdirectory.
使用命令java -jar C:\MyJar.jar启动应用程序.
Start the application using the command java -jar C:\MyJar.jar.
前两个调用返回'C:\ test \ subdirectory';第三次调用返回"C:\ MyJar.jar".
The first two calls return 'C:\test\subdirectory'; the third call returns 'C:\MyJar.jar'.
从文件系统而不是JAR文件运行时，结果将是生成的类文件根目录的路径，例如
When running from a filesystem rather than a JAR file, the result will be the path to the root of the generated class files, for instance
c:\eclipse\workspaces\YourProject\bin\
该路径不包括生成的类文件的软件包目录.
The path does not include the package directories for the generated class files.
获取不带.jar文件名的应用程序目录的完整示例，或者直接从文件系统运行(例如在调试时)的类文件的相应路径:
A complete example to get the application directory without .jar file name, or the corresponding path to the class files if running directly from the filesystem (e.g. when debugging):
String applicationDir = getClass().getProtectionDomain().getCodeSource().getLocation().getPath();
if (applicationDir.endsWith(".jar"))
{
applicationDir = new File(applicationDir).getParent();
}
// else we already have the correct answer
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