OOP中的主要概念 [英] Main concepts in OOP

问题描述

我曾经在一次采访中被问到"OOP的三个主要概念是什么?". 我的回答是，我认为有以下4种:

I was once asked in an interview 'What are the 3 main concepts of OOP?'. I answered by saying that in my opinion there were 4 which are as follows:

• 继承
• 封装
• 抽象
• 多态

我正确吗?

推荐答案

对于面向对象的语言，存在3个要求:

There are 3 requirements for a language to be object-oriented:

• 仅支持封装(对象)的语言不是面向对象的，而是模块化的
• 仅支持封装(对象)和消息传递(多态)的语言不是面向对象的，而是基于对象的
• 一种支持封装(对象)，消息传递(多态性)和继承(抽象)的语言， 是面向对象的

• a language that supports only encapsulation (objects) is not object-oriented, but it is modular
• a language that supports just encapsulation (objects) and message-passing (polymorphism) is not object-oriented, but it is object-based
• a language that supports encapsulation (objects), message-passing (polymorphism), and inheritance (abstraction), is object-oriented

注意:抽象是一个更笼统的概念.封装等都是抽象的类"，就像子例程是一种抽象一样.请参见抽象

NOTE: Abstraction is a much more general concept; encapsulation et al are kinds of abstraction, just as a subroutine is a kind of abstraction. See Abstraction

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