VS Code不会使用多个.ccp源文件构建c ++程序 [英] VS Code will not build c++ programs with multiple .ccp source files
问题描述
请注意，我正在Ubuntu 17.10上使用VS Code，并使用了GCC编译器.
Note that I'm using VS Code on Ubuntu 17.10 and using the GCC Compiler.
我在构建一个使用其他.ccp文件的简单程序时遇到了麻烦.我可能在这里缺少明显的东西，因为我对编程还不熟悉，但是我将解释到目前为止我所做的事情.这使我无法继续进行我正在做的教程.
I'm having trouble building a simple program which makes use of additional .ccp files. I'm probably missing something obvious here as I'm fairly new to programming but I'll explain what I've done so far. This is something that is stopping me from continuing with a tutorial I'm doing.
我编写了一个非常简单的程序来说明我的观点，如下所示.
I have written a very simple program to demonstrate my point as follows.
#include <iostream>
#include "Cat.h"
using namespace std;
int main ()
{
speak();
return 0;
}
Cat.h
#pragma once
void speak();
Cat.ccp
#include <iostream>
#include "Cat.h"
using namespace std;
void speak()
{
std::cout << "Meow!!" << std::endl;
}
这个简单的程序在Codeblocks和Visual Studio Community 2017中均内置，没问题，我无法弄清楚我需要做什么才能使其运行. 底部的此错误表明根本没有拾取Cat.ccp文件.如果要将定义从此Cat.ccp放到头文件中，则程序可以编译并运行良好，但是我需要利用该.ccp文件，因为我了解这是公认的分离代码的方法.我会注意到所有文件也都在同一个文件夹中.
This simple program builds in both Codeblocks and Visual Studio Community 2017 no problem and I can't figure out what I need to do to make it run. This error at the bottom indicates that the Cat.ccp file is not being picked up at all. If I was to drop the definition from this Cat.ccp into the header file the program compiles and runs fine but I need to make use of that .ccp file as I understand this is the accepted way of separating code. I'll note that all the files are in the same folder too.
我知道我可能需要告诉VS Code在哪里寻找Cat.ccp文件，但是对我来说奇怪的是它在同一位置找到了标头.不过，在网上查看后，我一直在阅读，我可能需要在c_cpp_intellisense_properties.json中放置一个目录.这就是我的样子.
I understand that I may need to tell VS Code where to look for the Cat.ccp file but it's strange to me that it finds the header in the same location. Nevertheless, after looking online I've been reading that I may need to place a directory into the c_cpp_intellisense_properties.json. Here's what mine looks like.
{
"configurations": [
{
"name": "Mac",
"includePath": [
"/usr/include",
"/usr/local/include",
"${workspaceRoot}"
],
"defines": [],
"intelliSenseMode": "clang-x64",
"browse": {
"path": [
"/usr/include",
"/usr/local/include",
"${workspaceRoot}"
],
"limitSymbolsToIncludedHeaders": true,
"databaseFilename": ""
},
"macFrameworkPath": [
"/System/Library/Frameworks",
"/Library/Frameworks"
]
},
{
"name": "Linux",
"includePath": [
"/usr/include/c++/7",
"/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/7",
"/usr/include/c++/7/backward",
"/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/include",
"/usr/local/include",
"/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/include-fixed",
"/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu",
"/usr/include",
"/home/danny/Documents/C++_Projects/24_-_Classes/Cat.cpp",
"${workspaceRoot}",
"/home/danny/Documents/C++_Projects/24_-_Classes/",
"/home/danny/Documents/C++_Projects/24_-_Classes/.vscode",
"/home/danny/Documents/C++_Projects/24_-_Classes/.vscode/Cat.cpp"
],
"defines": [],
"intelliSenseMode": "clang-x64",
"browse": {
"path": [
"/usr/include/c++/7",
"/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/7",
"/usr/include/c++/7/backward",
"/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/include",
"/usr/local/include",
"/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/include-fixed",
"/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu",
"/usr/include",
"${workspaceRoot}",
"/home/danny/Documents/C++_Projects/24_-_Classes/",
"/home/danny/Documents/C++_Projects/24_-_Classes/.vscode/Cat.cpp"
],
"limitSymbolsToIncludedHeaders": true,
"databaseFilename": ""
}
},
{
"name": "Win32",
"includePath": [
"C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0/VC/include",
"${workspaceRoot}"
],
"defines": [
"_DEBUG",
"UNICODE"
],
"intelliSenseMode": "msvc-x64",
"browse": {
"path": [
"C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0/VC/include/*",
"${workspaceRoot}"
],
"limitSymbolsToIncludedHeaders": true,
"databaseFilename": ""
}
}
],
"version": 3
}
有一次我想知道是否需要在其中添加一个双重命令来告诉编译器在 tasks.json 中构建两个.ccp文件，但是我还没有弄清楚如何做到这一点，即使那是正确的方法.
At one point I wondered if I need to add a double command in there to tell the compiler to build both .ccp files in the tasks.json but I haven't managed to figure out how to do that, or even if that's the right approach.
{
// See https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=733558
// for the documentation about the tasks.json format
"version": "2.0.0",
"tasks": [
{
"label": "Build",
"type": "shell",
"command": "g++ -g /home/danny/Documents/C++_Projects/24_-_Classes/main.cpp -o Classes",
"group": {
"kind": "build",
"isDefault": true
},
"problemMatcher":"$gcc"
}
]
}
感谢任何帮助.而且，以防万一您想知道，我之所以不只是在Codeblocks或VS Community中完成本教程，是因为我想知道大多数情况下发生了什么.另外，我想让VS Code为我工作，因为到目前为止效果很好.
Appreciate any help. And just in case you're wondering, the reason I don't just finish the tutorial in Codeblocks or VS Community is that I like to know what's going on under the hood in most things. Plus I'd like to get VS Code working for me as it's been great so far.
推荐答案
如果您有多个文件，而另一个文件依赖于cpp文件，则还需要告诉g ++对其进行编译，以便链接程序可以找到它.最简单的方法是:
If you have multiple files and one depends on a cpp file for another, you need to tell g++ to compile it as well, so the linker can find it. The simplest way would be:
$ g++ Cat.cpp main.cpp -o Classes
作为旁注，您可能应该编译警告，至少为-Wall，可能为-Wextra以及可能为-Wpedantic，这样您就知道自己在做什么是否有问题.
As a side note, you should probably compile with warnings, minimally -Wall, likely -Wextra, and possibly -Wpedantic, so you know if something you're doing is problematic.
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