如何在xargs中使用别名命令? [英] How can I use aliased commands with xargs?

问题描述

我的.aliases中具有以下别名:

I have the following alias in my .aliases:

alias gi grep -i

，我想在名称中带有字符串bar的所有文件中不区分大小写地查找foo:

and I want to look for foo case-insensitively in all the files that have the string bar in their name:

find -name \*bar\* | xargs gi foo

这就是我得到的:

xargs: gi: No such file or directory

是否可以在xargs中使用别名，还是必须使用完整版本:

Is there any way to use aliases in xargs, or do I have to use the full version:

   find -name \*bar\* | xargs grep -i foo

注意:这是一个简单的示例.除了gi之外，我还有一些非常复杂的别名，无法轻易手动扩展.

Note: This is a simple example. Besides gi I have some pretty complicated aliases that I can't expand manually so easily.

:我使用的是tcsh，所以请指定答案是否特定于外壳.

I used tcsh, so please specify if an answer is shell-specific.

推荐答案

别名是特定于shell的-在这种情况下，很可能是特定于bash的.要执行别名，您需要执行bash，但是别名仅针对交互式shell加载(更精确地，.bashrc仅针对交互式shell读取).

Aliases are shell-specific - in this case, most likely bash-specific. To execute an alias, you need to execute bash, but aliases are only loaded for interactive shells (more precisely, .bashrc will only be read for an interactive shell).

bash -i 运行一个交互式外壳程序(以及源.bashrc). bash -c cmd 运行 cmd .

bash -i runs an interactive shell (and sources .bashrc). bash -c cmd runs cmd.

将它们放在一起: bash -ic cmd 在交互式外壳中运行 cmd ，其中 cmd 可以是在您的.bashrc.

Put them together: bash -ic cmd runs cmd in an interactive shell, where cmd can be a bash function/alias defined in your .bashrc.

find -name \*bar\* | xargs bash -ic gi foo

应该做你想做的事.

我看到您已经将此问题标记为"tcsh"，因此bash特定的解决方案不适用.使用tcsh，您不需要-i，因为它看起来像读.tcshrc，除非您输入-f.

I see you've tagged the question as "tcsh", so the bash-specific solution is not applicable. With tcsh, you dont need the -i, as it appears to read .tcshrc unless you give -f.

尝试一下:

find -name \*bar\* | xargs tcsh -c gi foo

它适用于我的基本测试.

It worked for my basic testing.

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