Linux中的$ PATH是什么以及如何修改它 [英] What is this $PATH in Linux and how to modify it
问题描述
我对Linux中的$ PATH有一些疑问.
I have a few questions on this $PATH in Linux.
我知道它告诉shell搜索可执行文件的目录，所以:
I know it tells the shell which directories to search for executable files, so:
- 什么是环境变量?
- 如何更改其路径?并建议更改它?
- 如果我更改它，后果是什么?
推荐答案
要获取路径当前的$PATH变量，请输入:
To get your path current $PATH variable type in:
echo $PATH
它告诉您的Shell在哪里寻找二进制文件.
It tells your shell where to look for binaries.
是的，您可以对其进行更改-例如，使用自定义脚本将其添加到$PATH文件夹中.
Yes, you can change it - for example add to the $PATH folder with your custom scripts.
因此:如果您的脚本在/usr/local/myscripts中执行，则必须输入脚本的完整路径:/usr/local/myscripts/myscript.sh
更改$PATH变量后，您只需键入myscript.sh即可执行脚本.
So: if your scripts are in /usr/local/myscripts to execute them you will have to type in a full path to the script: /usr/local/myscripts/myscript.sh
After changing your $PATH variable you can just type in myscript.sh to execute script.
以下是RHEL中$PATH的示例:
Here is an example of $PATH from RHEL:
/usr/kerberos/bin:/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/home/user/bin
/usr/kerberos/bin:/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/home/user/bin
要更改$PATH，您必须在/etc/profile中为用户或全局$PATH设置编辑~/.profile(或~/.bash_profile).
To change your $PATH you have to either edit ~/.profile (or ~/.bash_profile) for user or global $PATH setting in /etc/profile.
$PATH变量不正确的后果之一是，如果没有完整的$PATH，shell将无法找到和执行程序.
One of the consequences of having inaccurate $PATH variables is that shell will not be able to find and execute programs without a full $PATH.
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