如何使用tar提取没有文件夹结构的文件 [英] How do I extract files without folder structure using tar

问题描述

我有一个具有以下结构的tar.gz文件:

I have a tar.gz-file with the following structure:

folder1/img.gif
folder2/img2.gif
folder3/img3.gif

我要提取没有文件夹层次结构的图像文件，因此提取结果如下:

I want to extract the image files without the folder hierarchy so the extracted result looks like:

/img.gif
/img2.gif
/img3.gif

我需要结合使用Unix和PHP.到目前为止，这是我可以将其提取到指定目录但保留文件夹层次结构的方法:

I need to do this with a combination of Unix and PHP. Here is what I have so far, it works to extract them to the specified directory but keeps the folder hierarchy:

exec('gtar --keep-newer-files -xzf images.tgz -C /home/user/public_html/images/',$ret);

推荐答案

您可以使用tar的-strip-components 选项.

You can use the --strip-components option of tar.

 --strip-components count
         (x mode only) Remove the specified number of leading path ele-
         ments.  Pathnames with fewer elements will be silently skipped.
         Note that the pathname is edited after checking inclusion/exclu-
         sion patterns but before security checks.

我创建了一个与您的结构相似的tar文件:

I create a tar file with a similar structure to yours:

$tar -tf tarfolder.tar
tarfolder/
tarfolder/file.a
tarfolder/file.b

$ls -la file.*
ls: file.*: No such file or directory

然后通过以下操作提取:

Then extracted by doing:

$tar -xf tarfolder.tar --strip-components 1
$ls -la file.*
-rw-r--r--  1 ericgorr  wheel  0 Jan 12 12:33 file.a
-rw-r--r--  1 ericgorr  wheel  0 Jan 12 12:33 file.b

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