您如何“调试"产品? sed的正则表达式? [英] How do you "debug" a regular expression with sed?
问题描述
我正在尝试通过sed使用正则表达式.我已经用kiki测试了我的regex，这是一个用于测试regexpd的gnome应用程序，它可以在kiki中正常工作.
I'm trying to use a regexp using sed. I've tested my regex with kiki, a gnome application to test regexpd, and it works in kiki.
date: 2010-10-29 14:46:33 -0200; author: 00000000000; state: Exp; lines: +5 -2; commitid: bvEcb00aPyqal6Uu;
我什么都不想替换author: 00000000000;.因此，我创建了正则表达式，当我在kiki中对其进行测试时可以正常工作:
I want to replace author: 00000000000; with nothing. So, I created the regexp, that works when I test it in kiki:
author:\s[0-9]{11};
但是当我在sed中对其进行测试时不起作用.
But doesn't work when I test it in sed.
sed -i "s/author:\s[0-9]{11};//g" /tmp/test_regex.txt
我知道正则表达式有不同的实现，这可能是问题所在.我的问题是:如何至少尝试对sed进行调试"?为什么它不起作用?
I know regex have different implementations, and this could be the issue. My question is: how do I at least try do "debug" what's happening with sed? Why is it not working?
推荐答案
我的sed版本不喜欢{11}位.用以下方式处理行:
My version of sed doesn't like the {11} bit. Processing the line with:
sed 's/author: [0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9];//g'
工作正常.
我调试的方式正是我在这里所做的.我只是构造了一个命令:
And the way I debug it is exactly what I did here. I just constructed a command:
echo 'X author: 00000000000; X' | sed ...
一次删除一个更高级的正则表达式:
and removed the more advanced regex things one at a time:
- 使用
<space>而不是\s并没有解决问题. - 用11个
[0-9]副本替换了[0-9]{11}，
- used
<space>instead of\s, didn't fix it. - replaced
[0-9]{11}with 11 copies of[0-9], that worked.
由于我在成功使用sed之前已经使用了正则表达式的所有其他功能，因此必须成为其中之一.
It pretty much had to be one of those since I've used every other feature of your regex before with sed successfully.
但是，实际上，如果没有[0-9]的11个可怕副本，此将会实际上起作用，您只需要转出括号[0-9]\{11\}.我必须承认，我没有去尝试一下，因为它可以使用倍数，而且我通常对sed的简洁性不太担心，因为我倾向于将其更多地用于快速脏工作:-)
But, in fact, this will actually work without the hideous 11 copies of [0-9], you just have to escape the braces [0-9]\{11\}. I have to admit I didn't get around to trying that since it worked okay with the multiples and I generally don't concern myself too much with brevity in sed since I tend to use it more for quick'n'dirty jobs :-)
但是括号方法 更加简洁和适应性强，很高兴知道该怎么做.
But the brace method is a lot more concise and adaptable and it's good to know how to do it.
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