从Bash中的字符串中删除所有特殊字符 [英] Removing all special characters from a string in Bash

问题描述

我有很多小写文本，唯一的问题是，有很多特殊字符，我也想用数字将其全部删除.

I have a lot of text in lowercase, only problem is, that there is a lot of special characters, which I want to remove it all with numbers too.

下一个命令不够强大:

tr -cd '[alpha]\n '

如果是éćščž和其他一些字符，则返回?"但我想删除所有这些.有更强大的命令吗?

In case of éćščž and some others it returns "?" But I want to remove all of them. Is there any stronger command?

我使用的是Linux Mint 4.3.8(1)-发行版

I use linux mint 4.3.8(1)-release

推荐答案

您可以使用tr从下面的字符串中仅打印可打印的字符.只需在输入文件上使用以下命令即可.

You can use tr to print only the printable characters from a string like below. Just use the below command on your input file.

tr -cd "[:print:]\n" < file1   

标志-d用于删除输入流的参数中定义的字符集，而-c用于补充这些字符集(反转提供的内容).因此，在没有-c的情况下，该命令将从输入流中删除所有可打印字符，并使用该命令通过删除 non-printable 字符对它进行补充.我们还保留换行符\n，以将行尾保留在输入文件中.删除它只会在最后一行中产生最终输出.

The flag -d is meant to the delete the character sets defined in the arguments on the input stream, and -c is for complementing those (invert what's provided). So without -c the command would delete all printable characters from the input stream and using it complements it by removing the non-printable characters. We also keep the newline character \n to preserve the line endings in the input file. Removing it would just produce the final output in one big line.

[:print:]只是一个 POSIX括号表达式，它是表达式的组合[:alnum:]，[:punct:]和空格. [:alnum:]与[0-9A-Za-z]相同，并且[:punct:]包含字符! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . / : ; < = > ? @ [ \ ] ^ _ ` { | } ~

The [:print:] is just a POSIX bracket expression which is a combination of expressions [:alnum:], [:punct:] and space. The [:alnum:] is same as [0-9A-Za-z] and [:punct:] includes characters ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . / : ; < = > ? @ [ \ ] ^ _ ` { | } ~

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