Python列表按日期分组 [英] Python List Group by Date

问题描述

说我有一个看起来像这样的列表:

Say I have a list looks like this:

[(datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 8, 1, 20, 15), 2060), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 9, 1, 6, 14), 2055), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 9, 1, 21, 1), 2050), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 10, 1, 5, 49), 2050), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 10, 1, 19, 51), 2050), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 11, 2, 4, 53), 2050), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 12, 0, 29, 45), 2050), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 12, 0, 44, 13), 2050), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 13, 0, 34, 13), 2050), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 13, 0, 47, 29), 2050), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 14, 1, 30, 39), 2050), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 14, 1, 33, 51), 2050), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 15, 0, 41, 1), 2050), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 15, 0, 54, 45), 2050), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 16, 0, 29, 57), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 16, 0, 43, 11), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 17, 0, 27, 4), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 17, 0, 42, 30), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 18, 0, 26, 26), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 18, 0, 43, 11), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 19, 0, 41, 49), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 20, 1, 10, 23), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 20, 1, 23, 44), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 21, 0, 47, 25), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 21, 1, 0, 12), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 22, 0, 45, 21), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 22, 1, 4, 33), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 23, 0, 51, 27), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 23, 1, 6, 36), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 24, 0, 41, 3), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 24, 0, 53, 14), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 25, 0, 29, 24), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 25, 0, 42, 40), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 26, 0, 28, 13), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 26, 0, 43, 30), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 27, 0, 30, 1), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 27, 0, 43, 43), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 28, 0, 33, 19), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 28, 0, 49, 11), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 29, 0, 26, 49), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 29, 0, 41, 21), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 30, 0, 26, 13), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 30, 0, 42, 9), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 31, 0, 23, 40), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 31, 0, 39, 49), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 9, 1, 0, 22, 2), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 9, 1, 0, 38, 16), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 9, 2, 0, 21, 2), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 9, 2, 0, 36, 19), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 9, 3, 0, 22, 16), 1950), (datetime.datetime(2013, 9, 3, 0, 39, 2), 1900)]

很显然，您可以看到这是一个元组列表，每个元组中的第一个元素是一个时间戳.已由以下格式生成:

clearly you could see that this is a list of tuple and the first element in each tuple is a timestamp. Already in good format, generated by:

datetime.strptime(record[0], timeFormat)

第二个元素是监视值.但是，每天可能会有多个记录.例如，datetime.datetime(2013，8，9 ..)上有两条记录，它们有两个不同的值2055和2050.我想要的实际上是每天的最大值. 所以在这种情况下. 2055年将是(2013，8，9)的唯一记录.

And the second element is the monitoring value. However, there might be multiple records in each day. For example, there are two records on datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 9..), which have two different values 2055 and 2050. What I want is the actually the maximum in each day. So in this case. 2055 would be the only records for (2013, 8, 9).

我想知道Python中是否有方便的方法可以做到这一点.类似于mysql的东西:

I am wondering would there be a handy way in Python to do that. Some thing similar like mysql:

select 
    date(timestamp), 
    max(value)
from table 
group by date(timestamp)

mysql语句只是为了说明这个主意，我当然想要一个python解决方案.

The mysql statement is just to show the idea and I definitely want a python solution.

推荐答案

使用 itertools.groupby :

>>> records = [(datetime.datetime(2013, 8, 8, 1, 20, 15), 2060), ....]
>>> import itertools
>>> [(dt, max(v for d, v in grp)) for dt, grp in itertools.groupby(records, key=lambda x: x[0].date())]
[(datetime.date(2013, 8, 8), 2060),
 (datetime.date(2013, 8, 9), 2055),
 (datetime.date(2013, 8, 10), 2050),
 ...
]

注意:假定记录已排序.如果没有，则应首先按日期对它们进行排序.

NOTE: assumed that the records are sorted. If not, you should sort them first by dates.

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