使用Python将XML转换为标记和值列表 [英] Convert XML into Lists of Tags and Values with Python

问题描述

我正在学习Python，并且正在尝试从任何XML文件中提取所有标记和相应值的列表.到目前为止，这是我的代码.

I'm learning Python and I'm trying to extract lists of all tags and corresponding values from any XML file. This is my code so far.

def ParseXml(XmlFile):
    try:
        parser = etree.XMLParser(remove_blank_text=True, compact=True)
        tree = ET.parse(XmlFile, parser)
        root = tree.getroot()

        ListOfTags, ListOfValues, ListOfAttribs = [], [], []
        for elem in root.iter('*'):
            Tag = elem.tag
            ListOfTags.append(Tag)

            value = elem.text
            if value is not None:
                ListOfValues.append(value)
            else:
                ListOfValues.append('')

            attrib = elem.attrib
            if attrib:
                ListOfAttribs.append([attrib])
            else:
                ListOfAttribs.append([])
        print('%s File parsed successfully' % XmlFile)
        return (ListOfTags, ListOfValues, ListOfAttribs)

    except Exception as e:
        print('Error while parsing XMLs : %s : %s' % (type(e), e))
        return ([], [], [])

对于这样的XML输入:

For an XML input like this:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Application Version="2.01">
    <UserAuthRequest>
        <VendorApp>
            <AppName>SING</AppName>
        </VendorApp>
    </UserAuthRequest>
    <ApplicationRequest ID="12-123-AH">
        <GUID>ABD45129-PD1212-121DFL</GUID>
        <Type tc="200">Streaming</Type>
        <File></File>
        <FileExtension VendorCode="200">
            <Result>
                <ResultCode tc="1">Success</ResultCode>
            </Result>
        </FileExtension>
    </ApplicationRequest>
</Application>

此输出是标签，值和属性的多个列表.一切正常.

This output is multiple lists of tags, values and attributes. This is working fine.

['Application', 'UserAuthRequest', 'VendorApp', 'AppName', 'ApplicationRequest', 'GUID', 'Type', 'File', 'FileExtension', 'Result', 'ResultCode']
['', '', '', 'SING', '', 'ABD45129-PD1212-121DFL', 'Streaming', '', '', '', 'Success']
[[{'Version': '2.01'}], [], [], [], [{'ID': '12-123-AH'}], [], [{'tc': '200'}], [], [{'VendorCode': '200'}], [], [{'tc': '1'}]]

但是我的问题是我需要包括父标签和子标签的标签.如下所示，是我要定位的实际输出:

But my problem is that i need the tags including the parent and child tags. Like below is actual output I'm targetting:

['Application', 'UserAuthRequest', 'UserAuthRequest.VendorApp', 'UserAuthRequest.VendorApp.AppName', 'ApplicationRequest', 'ApplicationRequest.GUID', 'ApplicationRequest.Type', 'ApplicationRequest.File', 'ApplicationRequest.File.FileExtension', 'ApplicationRequest.File.FileExtension.Result', 'ApplicationRequest.File.FileExtension.Result.ResultCode']

我该如何使用Python做到这一点?还是有其他替代方法可以做到这一点?

How do i make this happen with Python? or is there any other alternate way to do this?

推荐答案

这是仅使用

注释:

• 这个想法是在" xml "树中记住路径".这是通过parse_node的ancestor_string参数完成的，该参数是针对树中的每个节点计算的，并传递给其(直接)子节点
• 命名与问题中的命名不同，因为 [Python]:PEP 8 -Python代码样式指南注意事项
• 乍一看，似乎有2个函数(main和parse_xml)，其中一个函数仅调用另一个函数，只会添加无用的嵌套级别，但这是<我习惯的em>优良作法
• 我更正了属性列表.取而代之的是列表列表，每个内部列表都包含一个字典，而是返回字典列表

• The idea is to "remember the path" in the xml tree. That is done via parse_node's ancestor_string argument, which is computed for each node in the tree and passed to its (direct) children
• The naming differs from the one in the question because of [Python]: PEP 8 -- Style Guide for Python Code considerations
• At 1^st glance, it might seem that having 2 functions (main and parse_xml) where one just calls the other, only adds an useless level of nesting, but it's a good practice that I got used to
• I corrected the attributes list. Instead a list of lists with each inner list containing a single dictionary, return a list of dictionaries

输出(我已使用 Python 2.7 和 Python 3.5 运行脚本):

Output (I've run the script with Python 2.7 and Python 3.5):

['Application', 'Application.UserAuthRequest', 'Application.UserAuthRequest.VendorApp', 'Application.UserAuthRequest.VendorApp.AppName', 'Application.ApplicationRequest', 'Application.ApplicationRequest.GUID', 'Application.ApplicationRequest.Type', 'Application.ApplicationRequest.File', 'Application.ApplicationRequest.FileExtension', 'Application.ApplicationRequest.FileExtension.Result', 'Application.ApplicationRequest.FileExtension.Result.ResultCode']
['', '', '', 'SING', '', 'ABD45129-PD1212-121DFL', 'Streaming', '', '', '', 'Success']
[{'Version': '2.01'}, {}, {}, {}, {'ID': '12-123-AH'}, {}, {'tc': '200'}, {}, {'VendorCode': '200'}, {}, {'tc': '1'}]

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