Lua使用特定模式分割字符串 [英] Lua split string using specific pattern

问题描述

我需要使用特定模式-"分割输入文件的每一行.我离解决方案不远，但是我的代码实际上也拆分了单个空格.文件的每一行的格式如下:

i need to split each row of a input file using the specific pattern " - ". I'm not so far from solution but my code actually splits also single spaces. Each row of the file is formatted as follow:

NAME - ID - USERNAME - GROUP NAME - GROUP ID - TIMESTAMP

name字段可能包含空格，与组名和时间戳相同，例如这样的行

name field may have spaces, same as group name and timestamp, for example a row like that

LUCKY STRIKE - 11223344 - @lucky - CIGARETTES SMOKERS - 44332211 - 11:42 may/5th

有效. 因此，这些标记化的值应存储在表中. 这是我的代码:

is valid. So these tokenized values should be stored inside a table. Here is my code:

local function splitstring(inputstr)
  sep = "(%s-%s)"
  local t={} ; i=1
  for str in string.gmatch(inputstr, "([^"..sep.."]+)") do
      t[i] = str
      i = i + 1
  end
  print("=========="..t[1].."===========")
  print("=========="..t[2].."===========")
  print("=========="..t[3].."===========")
  return t
end

当我运行它时，将幸运"放在第一字段中，将罢工放在第二字段中，将id放在第三字段中. 有没有一种方法可以在第一个字段中存储幸运罢工"，仅按指定的模式进行解析? 希望你们能帮助我.

when i run it, puts "lucky" in first field, strike in second field, the id inside third field. Is there a way to store "lucky strike" inside first field, parsing ONLY by pattern specified? Hope you guys could help me.

p.s.我已经看过lua手册，但并没有太大帮助...

p.s. I already see the lua manual but didn't help me so much...

推荐答案

您所拥有的东西有些问题.

There are a few things wrong with what you have.

首先，-是Lua模式中的重复符号: http://www.lua.org/manual/5.2/manual.html #6.4.1

Firstly, - is a repetition symbol in Lua patterns: http://www.lua.org/manual/5.2/manual.html#6.4.1

您需要使用%-来获取文字-.

You need to use %- to get a literal -.

我们还没有完成:产生的gmatch调用是string.gmatch(inputstr, "[^%s%-%s]+").由于分隔符模式位于[]内，因此它是一个字符类.它说给我所有不是空格或-的东西，并尽可能地贪婪"，这就是为什么它停在第一个空格字符处.

We're not done: The resulting gmatch call is string.gmatch(inputstr, "[^%s%-%s]+"). Since your separator pattern is inside [], it's a character class. It says "Give me all the things that aren't a space or a -, and be as greedy as you can", which is why it stops at the first space character.

您最好的选择是做类似的事情:

Your best bet is to do something like:

local function splitstring(inputstr)
  sep = "%-"
  local t={} ; i=1
  for str in string.gmatch(inputstr, "[^"..sep.."]+") do
      t[i] = str
      i = i + 1
  end
  print("=========="..t[1].."===========")
  print("=========="..t[2].."===========")
  print("=========="..t[3].."===========")
  return t
end

哪个产量:

==========LUCKY STRIKE ===========
========== 11223344 ===========
========== @lucky ===========

...现在可以独立解决值周围空格的问题.

... And now independently fix the problem of the spaces around the values.

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