如何建立多个具有相似名称的目标? [英] How to build multiple targets with similar name?

问题描述

所以我有一个与下面的问题完全相同的问题，但是没有人回答.

So I have the exact same question as the one below, but no one has answered it.

模式匹配具有多个可执行目标的Makefile

我正在尝试构建一系列小的测试文件，每个文件都有一个"test * .c"模式来测试我的库.

I am trying to build a series of small test files each have a pattern of "test*.c" to test my library.

我想编写一个makefile，一次为每个测试文件(每个名称:test1，test2，test3..etc.)构建可执行文件.但是，我不确定如何实现这一目标. 到目前为止，我有以下内容:

I wanted to write a makefile that builds executables for every one of the test files all at once (each name: test1, test2, test3..etc.). However, I am not sure how to achieve that. What I have so far is the following:

SRC := $(shell find *.c)
ALL_PROG := $(patsubst %.c, %, *.c)
.PHONY: all

all: $(ALL_PROG)

$(ALL_PROG): $(SRC)
    -gcc $< -o $@

这是一个错误的尝试，因为目标将所有.c文件都作为依赖项，从而导致了循环依赖.

This is a bad attempt because the targets take all .c files as dependency, which caused circular dependency.

使用shell脚本可以很容易地完成这项工作，但是我想知道是否有一种方法可以完成相同的工作.

Using shell script can get the job done very easily, but I am wondering if there's a way to do the same job.

谢谢.

推荐答案

使用$(ALL_PROG): %: %.c代替$(ALL_PROG): $(SRC).

这是我可以与GNU make一起使用的示例Makefile:

Here is an example Makefile I might use with GNU make:

CC      := gcc
CFLAGS  := -Wall -O2
LDFLAGS := -lm
PROGS   := $(patsubst %.c, %, $(wildcard *.c))

.PHONY: all clean test $(patsubst %, test@%, $(PROGS))

all: $(PROGS)

clean:
    rm -f $(PROGS)

$(PROGS): %: %.c
    $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $^ $(LDFLAGS) -o $@

$(patsubst %, test@%, $(PROGS)): test@%: %
    ./$^

test: $(patsubst %, test@%, $(PROGS))

通常，请注意缩进应使用 Tab 而不是空格；在stackoverflow.com上使用的编辑器会将它们自动转换为空格.

As usual, note that the indentation should use a Tab rather than spaces; the editor used here on stackoverflow.com auto-converts them to spaces.

PROGS变量将包含目录中所有*.c文件的名称.

The PROGS variable will contain the names of all *.c files in the directory.

.PHONY:指令告诉Make哪些目标未引用实际文件. $(patsubst %, test@%, $(PROGS))扩展到可执行文件名称列表，每个名称以test@开头:如果目录包含文件foo.c和bar.c，则扩展为test@foo test@bar.

The .PHONY: directive tells Make which targets do not refer to actual files. The $(patsubst %, test@%, $(PROGS)) expands to the list of executable names, with each name prepended with test@: if the directory contains files foo.c and bar.c, this expands to test@foo test@bar.

$(PROGS): %: %.c配方将每个.c文件编译为相应的二进制文件.

The $(PROGS): %: %.c recipe compiles each .c file to the corresponding binary.

$(patsubst %, test@%, $(PROGS)): test@%: %配方为每个二进制文件创建一个测试目标.如果我们有文件foo.c和bar.c，则此规则扩展为test@foo test@bar: test@%: %.这意味着对于test@foo和test@bar目标，相应的test@%目标都需要%二进制文件. ./$^依次扩展为./%，从而扩展为二进制名称. (如果您不希望Make显示正在运行的命令，请使用@./$^.如果您不关心测试是否失败，请使用-./$^.)

The $(patsubst %, test@%, $(PROGS)): test@%: % recipe creates a test target for each binary. If we have files foo.c and bar.c, then this rule expands to test@foo test@bar: test@%: %. This means that for both test@foo and test@bar targets, the corresponding test@% target requires the % binary. The ./$^ in turn expands to ./%, and thus the binary name. (If you don't want Make to show the command being run, use @./$^. If you don't care if a test fails, use -./$^.)

如果我们有foo.c和bar.c，则test配方将扩展为test@foo test@bar；即所有可能的测试目标.

The test recipe expands to test@foo test@bar if we have foo.c and bar.c; i.e. all possible test targets.

您可以运行make clean test重新编译目录中的所有.c文件，然后执行它们.

You can run make clean test to recompile all .c files in the directory, and execute them.

如果您只担心特定的测试程序(例如foo.c)，则可以运行make test@foo，如果foo.c比foo更新，它将重新编译该程序.

If you are only worried about a specific test program, say foo.c, you can run make test@foo, which will recompile the program if foo.c is newer than foo.

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