“精度"和“准确性"之间有什么区别? [英] What is the difference between 'precision' and 'accuracy'?

问题描述

准确"和精确"之间有什么区别?

What is the difference between 'accurate' and 'precise' ?

如果有所不同，您可以举一个

If there is a difference, can you give an example of

• 一个准确但不准确的数字
• 一个准确但不准确的数字
• 一个既准确又精确的数字

谢谢！

推荐答案

精确度是指数字传达的信息量(以位数表示)，而精确度是正确性"的量度.

Precision refers to how much information is conveyed by a number (in terms of number of digits) whereas accuracy is a measure of "correctness".

就我们的目的而言，让我们采用π近似 ²² / ₇ .

Let's take the π approximation ²²/₇, for our purposes, 3.142857143.

对于您的具体问题:

• 一个准确但不精确的数字:3.14.考虑到可用的精度，就紧密度而言，这当然是准确的.没有其他数字具有更接近目标的三个有效数字(3.13和3.15都离实际值更远).

• a number that is accurate but not precise: 3.14. That's certainly accurate in terms of closeness, given the precision available. There is no other number with three significant digits that is closer to the target (both 3.13 and 3.15 are further away from the real value).

一个精确但不准确的数字:99999.12345678901234567890.因为它传达了更多的信息，所以这要精确得多.不幸的是，它的准确性远未达到目标值.

a number that is precise but not accurate: 99999.12345678901234567890. That's much more precise since it conveys more information. Unfortunately its accuracy is way off since it's nowhere near the target value.

一个既准确又精确的数字:3.142857143.您可以获得更多的 precise (通过在末尾加上零)，但是却没有更高的准确性.

a number that is both accurate and precise: 3.142857143. You can get more precise (by tacking zeros on the end) but no more accurate.

当然，这就是目标编号是实际上是3.142857143的原因.如果是 ²² / ₇ ，则由于3.142857143 * 7 = 22.000000001，您可以获得更准确的和.该分数的 actual 十进制数字是一个无限重复的数字(以10为底):

Of course, that's if the target number is actually 3.142857143. If it's ²²/₇, then you can get more accurate and precise, since 3.142857143 * 7 = 22.000000001. The actual decimal number for that fraction is an infinitely repeating one (in base 10):

3 . 142857 142857 142857 142857 142857 ...

，依此类推，因此您可以通过继续重复六位数字的组来继续在该表示形式中增加精度和.或者，您可以只使用 ²² / ₇ 来最大化两者.

and so on, so you can keep adding precision and accuracy in that representation by continuing to repeat that group of six digits. Or, you can maximise both by just using ²²/₇.

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