在Matlab中，如何更改颤动图中的箭头样式? [英] In Matlab how do I change the arrow head style in quiver plot?

问题描述

我想在颤动图中更改默认的箭头样式.我该如何更改?

I would like to change the default arrow head style in quiver plot. How can I change it?

推荐答案

对于Matlab版本> R2014b

从R2014b版本开始，Matlab修改了其图形组件的结构.这是使用Matlab的注释的最新代码.

Since R2014b version, Matlab has modified the structure of its graphical components. Here is the up-to-date code that uses Matlab's annotations.

是由

headWidth = 8;
headLength = 8;
LineLength = 0.08;

%some data
[x,y] = meshgrid(0:0.2:2,0:0.2:2);
u = cos(x).*y;
v = sin(x).*y;

%quiver plots
figure('Position',[10 10 1000 600],'Color','w');
hax_1 = subplot(1,2,1);
hq = quiver(x,y,u,v);           %get the handle of quiver
title('Regular Quiver plot','FontSize',16);

%get the data from regular quiver
U = hq.UData;
V = hq.VData;
X = hq.XData;
Y = hq.YData;

%right version (with annotation)
hax_2 = subplot(1,2,2);
%hold on;
for ii = 1:length(X)
    for ij = 1:length(X)

        headWidth = 5;
        ah = annotation('arrow',...
            'headStyle','cback1','HeadLength',headLength,'HeadWidth',headWidth);
        set(ah,'parent',gca);
        set(ah,'position',[X(ii,ij) Y(ii,ij) LineLength*U(ii,ij) LineLength*V(ii,ij)]);

    end
end
%axis off;
title('Quiver - annotations ','FontSize',16);

linkaxes([hax_1 hax_2],'xy');

请注意，这段代码改变了头部样式并控制了线条的长度(在左面板中，您可以看到箭头重叠在左子图的左上部分，而箭头没有重叠在子图上).右侧子图).箭头的长度和宽度未更改.

Please note that this piece of code changes the head style and controls for the length of the line (in the left panel, you can see that arrows overlap on the upper-left part of the left subplot, while it does not on the right subplot). The length and width of the arrow heads are not modified.

对于此编辑，我没有保留为角度编码的配色方案，而是放弃了动态打印头尺寸.它使事情变得更清楚.

For this edit, I didn't keep the colors scheme that coded for the angle, and discarded the dynamic head size. It makes things clearer.

对于Matlab版本< R2014b

颤抖图很难修改.正如@Luis Mendo所说，您可以在matlab安装中修改quiver功能.但是，您仍然会受到以编程方式绘制带有精美补丁/线条的箭头的复杂性的限制.使用annotation可能会有更简单的路线-请参见将headStyle属性设置为cback1的"Quiver-注解"子图.

Quiver plots are hard to modify. As @Luis Mendo said, you can modify the quiver function within the matlab install. However, you will still be limited by the complexity of programmatically drawing arrows with nice patches/lines. There might be an easier route using annotation - see the "Quiver - annotation" subplot that sets the headStyle property to cback1.

注释是图形对象(线条，文本框，箭头，. ..)，一旦绘制完成，您就可以轻松地手动插入.例如，它们显示其他文本或指向特定区域.您也可以通过定义它们的位置以编程方式插入它们-这就是我们将要采用的选项.我们首先绘制一个常规的quiver图(左侧面板)，获取蓝线的X和Y数据，并使用这些坐标插入注释箭头，每个箭头都显示在完全相同的位置(相同位置，相同角度，相同尺寸；右侧面板).

Annotations are graphical objects (lines, textboxes, arrows, ...) that you can be easily inserted by hand once a plot is done. They display additional text or point to a particular area for example. You can also insert them programmatically by defining their positions - and that's the option we will take. We first draw a regular quiver plot (left panel), get the blue lines' X and Y data, and use these coordinates to insert annotation arrows, each of them being displayed at the exact same location (same position, same angle, same size; right panel).

注释箭头具有一些不错的属性，您可以轻松修改它们，例如Color，HeadWidth，HeadLength和HeadStyle.在下图中，我根据箭头相对于x轴的角度以及headWidth取决于长度的角度来修改每个箭头的颜色.

Annotation arrows have some nice properties you can easily modify, such as Color, HeadWidth, HeadLength, and HeadStyle. In the following plot, I modified each arrow's color depending on its angle against the x-axis, and headWidth that depends length.

以下图片

是由

%some data
[x,y] = meshgrid(0:0.2:2,0:0.2:2);
u = cos(x).*y;
v = sin(x).*y;

%quiver plots
figure('Position',[10 10 1000 600],'Color','w');
hax_1 = subplot(1,2,1);

%left version (regular)
hq1 = quiver(x,y,u,v);

%get the line position (first handle)
hkid = get(hq1,'children');
X = get(hkid(1),'XData');
Y = get(hkid(1),'YData');
axis off;
title('Quiver - regular ','FontSize',16);

%right version (with annotation)
hax_2 = subplot(1,2,2);
cmap = jet(116); %colormap, 116 because angles goes up to 115 degrees

for ii = 1:3:length(X)-1

    headWidth = 200 * sqrt((X(ii+1)-X(ii)).^2 + (Y(ii+1)-Y(ii)).^2); % set the headWidth, function of length of arrow
    angled = floor(atan2(Y(ii+1)-Y(ii),X(ii+1)-X(ii))*180/pi) + 1; %get the angle
    ah = annotation('arrow',...
        'Color', cmap(angled,:),...
        'headStyle','cback1','HeadLength',50,'HeadWidth',headWidth);
    set(ah,'parent',gca);
    set(ah,'position',[X(ii) Y(ii) X(ii+1)-X(ii) Y(ii+1)-Y(ii)]);
end
axis off;
title('Quiver - annotations ','FontSize',16);

linkaxes([hax_1 hax_2],'xy');

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