如何在matplotlib中获得笛卡尔坐标系? [英] How I can get cartesian coordinate system in matplotlib?

问题描述

我是使用Python进行绘图的新手，无法真正找到问题的答案:如何在matplotlib中获得笛卡尔坐标平面?我的意思是垂直参考线(坐标轴)以箭头结尾，在原点(0,0)处相交，原点在图的中心.

I am new to plotting with Python and can't really find an answer to the question: How can I get Cartesian coordinate plane in matplotlib? By this I mean perpendicular reference lines (coordinate axis) ended up with arrows, intersecting at the origin, (0,0), with the origin at the center of the plot.

考虑一架用于做高中几何学的飞机，以下是我需要达到的目标的完美示例:

Think about a a plane for doing high school geomtery, the following is a perfect example of what I need to achieve:

推荐答案

如果只想绘制一些点，则需要散点图

If you just want to plot some dots, scatter is what you want

from pylab import *

x = [0,2,-3,-1.5]
y = [0,3,1,-2.5]
color=['m','g','r','b']

scatter(x,y, s=100 ,marker='o', c=color)

show()

用于漂亮的打印(带有箭头和虚线):

For pretty printing ( with arrows and dashed lines ) :

from pylab import *
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

x = [0,2,-3,-1.5]
y = [0,3,1,-2.5]
color=['m','g','r','b']

fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111)

scatter(x,y, s=100 ,marker='o', c=color)

[ plot( [dot_x,dot_x] ,[0,dot_y], '-', linewidth = 3 ) for dot_x,dot_y in zip(x,y) ] 
[ plot( [0,dot_x] ,[dot_y,dot_y], '-', linewidth = 3 ) for dot_x,dot_y in zip(x,y) ]

left,right = ax.get_xlim()
low,high = ax.get_ylim()
arrow( left, 0, right -left, 0, length_includes_head = True, head_width = 0.15 )
arrow( 0, low, 0, high-low, length_includes_head = True, head_width = 0.15 ) 

grid()

show()

仍有一些工作要做，但与结果相距不远:

There is still some work to do, but it is not far from the result :

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