Apache Spark:如何从DataFrame创建矩阵? [英] Apache Spark: How to create a matrix from a DataFrame?
问题描述
我在Apache Spark中有一个带有整数数组的DataFrame,其来源是一组图像.我最终想在其上进行PCA,但仅从阵列中创建矩阵时遇到了麻烦.如何从RDD创建矩阵?
I have a DataFrame in Apache Spark with an array of integers, the source is a set of images. I ultimately want to do PCA on it, but I am having trouble just creating a matrix from my arrays. How do I create a matrix from a RDD?
> imagerdd = traindf.map(lambda row: map(float, row.image))
> mat = DenseMatrix(numRows=206456, numCols=10, values=imagerdd)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<ipython-input-21-6fdaa8cde069>", line 2, in <module>
mat = DenseMatrix(numRows=206456, numCols=10, values=imagerdd)
File "/usr/local/spark/current/python/lib/pyspark.zip/pyspark/mllib/linalg.py", line 815, in __init__
values = self._convert_to_array(values, np.float64)
File "/usr/local/spark/current/python/lib/pyspark.zip/pyspark/mllib/linalg.py", line 806, in _convert_to_array
return np.asarray(array_like, dtype=dtype)
File "/usr/local/python/conda/lib/python2.7/site- packages/numpy/core/numeric.py", line 462, in asarray
return array(a, dtype, copy=False, order=order)
TypeError: float() argument must be a string or a number
从我能想到的所有可能的安排中,我都得到了相同的错误:
I'm getting the same error from every possible arrangement I can think of:
imagerdd = traindf.map(lambda row: Vectors.dense(row.image))
imagerdd = traindf.map(lambda row: row.image)
imagerdd = traindf.map(lambda row: np.array(row.image))
如果我尝试
> imagedf = traindf.select("image")
> mat = DenseMatrix(numRows=206456, numCols=10, values=imagedf)
回溯(最近通话最近一次):
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<ipython-input-26-a8cbdad10291>", line 2, in <module>
mat = DenseMatrix(numRows=206456, numCols=10, values=imagedf)
File "/usr/local/spark/current/python/lib/pyspark.zip/pyspark/mllib/linalg.py", line 815, in __init__
values = self._convert_to_array(values, np.float64)
File "/usr/local/spark/current/python/lib/pyspark.zip/pyspark/mllib/linalg.py", line 806, in _convert_to_array
return np.asarray(array_like, dtype=dtype)
File "/usr/local/python/conda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/numeric.py", line 462, in asarray
return array(a, dtype, copy=False, order=order)
ValueError: setting an array element with a sequence.
推荐答案
由于您没有提供示例输入,因此我假设它看起来或多或少像这样,其中id
是行号,而image
包含值.
Since you didn't provide an example input I'll assume it looks more or less like this where id
is a row number and image
contains values.
traindf = sqlContext.createDataFrame([
(1, [1, 2, 3]),
(2, [4, 5, 6]),
(3, (7, 8, 9))
], ("id", "image"))
首先要了解的是DenseMatrix
是 local 数据结构.确切地说,它是numpy.ndarray
的包装.到目前为止(Spark 1.4.1)在PySpark MLlib中没有分布式等效项.
First thing you have to understand is that the DenseMatrix
is a local data structure. To be precise it is a wrapper around numpy.ndarray
. As for now (Spark 1.4.1) there are no distributed equivalents in PySpark MLlib.
密集矩阵采用三个强制性参数numRows
,numCols
,values
,其中values
是本地数据结构.在您的情况下,您必须先收集:
Dense Matrix take three mandatory arguments numRows
, numCols
, values
where values
is a local data structure. In your case you have to collect first:
values = (traindf.
rdd.
map(lambda r: (r.id, r.image)). # Extract row id and data
sortByKey(). # Sort by row id
flatMap(lambda (id, image): image).
collect())
ncol = len(traindf.rdd.map(lambda r: r.image).first())
nrow = traindf.count()
dm = DenseMatrix(nrow, ncol, values)
最后:
> print dm.toArray()
[[ 1. 4. 7.]
[ 2. 5. 8.]
[ 3. 6. 9.]]
修改:
在Spark 1.5+中,您可以按以下方式使用mllib.linalg.distributed
:
In Spark 1.5+ you can use mllib.linalg.distributed
as follows:
from pyspark.mllib.linalg.distributed import IndexedRow, IndexedRowMatrix
mat = IndexedRowMatrix(traindf.map(lambda row: IndexedRow(*row)))
mat.numRows()
## 4
mat.numCols()
## 3
尽管到目前为止,API仍然仅限于在实践中有用.
although as for now API is still to limited to be useful in practice.
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