如何使用maven打包和运行具有依赖项的简单命令行应用程序? [英] How do I package and run a simple command-line application with dependencies using maven?

问题描述

我对java和maven都是陌生的，所以这很简单.

I am brand new to both java and to maven, so this is likely very simple.

如果我在这里按照maven2 hello world的说明进行操作:

If I follow the maven2 hello world instructions here:

http://maven.apache.org/guides/getting-started/maven-in-five-minutes.html

一切正常.然后，如果我更改pom.xml以从远程存储库引入依赖项，则此依赖项的文件将存储在~/.m2/repository/new-dependency/中.

everything works OK. If I then alter pom.xml to bring in a dependency from a remote repository, the files for this dependency get stored in ~/.m2/repository/new-dependency/.

使用hello world指令中的语法来运行应用程序，要求我将绝对路径添加到类路径的依赖项中(通过设置环境变量或通过命令行开关):

Using the syntax in the hello world instructions to run the application requires that I add the absolute path to the dependency to my classpath (either by setting the environment variable or via the command line switch):

java -cp target/my-app-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar:/.../.m2/.../new-dependency.jar com.mycompany.app.App

这显然会很快变得笨拙:)

This will obviously get unwieldy quickly :)

我怀疑这不是运行Java程序的常用方法，我只需要阅读有关.jar文件的更多信息，但是在我这样做的同时，我将感谢您提供有关如何正确执行此操作的所有提示.

I suspect that this is not the usual way of running a java program and that I just need to read more about .jar files, but while I am doing so I would appreciate any tips on how to do this properly.

我不使用IDE，顺便说一句.命令行中的vim.

I am not using an IDE, btw. vim from the command line.

谢谢！

迈克.

推荐答案

您可以通过将Main-Class属性添加到其清单文件来使jar成为可执行文件.在Maven中，这是由存档程序插件完成的.要添加Main-Class属性，请将其添加到pom.xml:

You can make a jar executable by adding the Main-Class attribute to its manifest file. In Maven this is done by the archiver plugin. To add the Main-Class attribute, add this to your pom.xml:

 <build>
   <plugins>
    <plugin>
      <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
      <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>        
      <configuration>
        <archive>
          <manifest>
            <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
            <mainClass>com.mycompany.app.App</mainClass>
          </manifest>
        </archive>
      </configuration>
    </plugin>
  </plugins>
 </build>

您现在可以使用以下命令运行jar:java -jar myjar.jar或双击它(并非在所有平台上都可用).

You can now run your jar with the command: java -jar myjar.jar or by double clicking on it (not available in all platforms).

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