更改函数指针的地址值 [英] Changing the address value of a function pointer

问题描述

我在C语言中有以下代码:

I have the following code in C:

int addInt(int n, int m) {
    return n + m;
}

int (*functionPtr)(int, int);

functionPtr = &addInt;

functionPtr 是一个函数指针，它指向函数 addInt 的特定地址.我想更改其值的1位，但我不知道如何更改.

functionPtr is a function pointer and it points to the specific address of the function addInt. I want to change 1 bit of its value, but I can't figure it out how.

假设 functionPtr 指向最后一条语句后的 0xABC0 (假定为16位地址).我想将其值更改为 0xABC1 .我尝试将值与0x1进行或"运算，但我猜操作数转换出了点问题:

Let's say functionPtr points to 0xABC0 (assuming a 16-bit address) after the last statement. I want to change its value to 0xABC1. I tried to OR the value with 0x1, but I guess that something is wrong with the operand conversion:

functionPtr = &addInt | 0x00000001; // addresses are of 32 bits

我知道弄乱指针是有风险的，但是我必须更改地址的LSB才能进入ARM Cortex-M4 MCU的Thumb状态.

I know that messing around with pointers is risky, but I have to change the LSB of the address in order to enter into the Thumb state of an ARM Cortex-M4 MCU.

推荐答案

要通过算术运算来修改指针的值，您需要将其转换为整数类型，执行该操作，然后再将其转换回去. C没有定义将函数指针转换为其他函数指针以外的行为的方法，因此，没有定义的方法可以实现这一点.

To modify the value of a pointer via arithmetic operations, you would need to convert it to an integer type, perform the operation, and then convert it back. C does not define behavior for converting a function pointer to anything other than another function pointer, however, so there is no defined way to do that.

尽管如此，您仍然可以这样写:

You might nevertheless write this:

typedef int (*fptr)(int, int);

functionPtr = (fptr)(((intptr_t) functionPtr) | 1);

您正在寻找的行为是更合理的结果之一，但同样，两个强制类型转换的行为都是 undefined .因此，通过修改后的指针执行功能调用所期望的行为-如果您的程序甚至可以达到目标-也是不确定的.即使接受代码也不需要编译器.

The behavior you are looking for is one of the more plausible results, but again, the behavior of both casts is undefined. Therefore the behavior to be expected from performing a function call via the modified pointer -- if your program can even get that far -- is also undefined. The compiler is not required even to accept the code.

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