解释htaccess规则? [英] Explain htaccess rules?

问题描述

在过去的一个小时中，我已经通过搜索，复制和粘贴等方式制作了.htaccess文件.

I have made this .htaccess file over the last hour through searching, copy and pasting etc.

它确实可以按照我的意愿来工作.

It does work how I want it to.

但是我不明白.

有人可以一步一步把它放下来，对我来说，这是外行的说法.

Could someone please put it down step by step what is happening here in layman's terms for me.

RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.example\.com$ [NC]
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://example.com/$1 [L,R=301]

RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME}\.php -f
RewriteRule ^/?(.*)$ /$1.php [L]

RewriteCond %{THE_REQUEST} ^[A-Z]{3,9}\ /([^\ ]+)\.php
RewriteRule ^/?(.*)\.php$ /$1 [L,R=301]

RewriteCond %{THE_REQUEST} ^.*/index
RewriteRule ^(.*)index.php$ /$1 [R=301,L]

如果有任何提示，请把它们扔在那里.

And if there are any tips please throw them in there.

推荐答案

RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.example\.com$ [NC]
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://example.com/$1 [L,R=301]

^www\.example\.com$锚点^$表示这是HTTP_HOST中的完整字符串，之前或之后都没有.因此，如果随请求传递的域名完全匹配www.example.com ，则整个URI (.*)都将重定向到example.com，从而从前部剥离www..

^www\.example\.com$ The anchors ^$ mean this is the complete string in HTTP_HOST, nothing before or after. Therefore, if the domain name passed with the request matches www.example.com exactly, the entire URI (.*) is redirected to example.com, thereby stripping off the www. from the front.

RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME}\.php -f
RewriteRule ^/?(.*)$ /$1.php [L]

RewriteCond的-f标志测试第一个参数是否是实际存在的文件.在这种情况下，它通过在测试的参数上添加.php扩展名来测试REQUEST_FILENAME的值，该值将是URI的最后一部分(file)，例如example.com/directory/file作为PHP文件存在.

A -f flag to RewriteCond tests if the first argument is a file that actually exists. In this case, it tests for the value of REQUEST_FILENAME, which would be the last part (file) of a URI like example.com/directory/file exists as a PHP file, by adding a .php extension onto the tested argument.

因此，如果file.php实际上存在，则对不存在的file的请求在此处用$1.php静默重写为其相应的PHP文件.因此，如果/directory/notexists没有相应的directory/notexists.php文件，则将不进行重写.

So, if file.php actually exists, the request for the non-existent file is here rewritten silently into its corresponding PHP file with $1.php. So if /directory/notexists did not have a corresponding directory/notexists.php file, it would not be rewritten.

RewriteCond %{THE_REQUEST} ^[A-Z]{3,9}\ /([^\ ]+)\.php
RewriteRule ^/?(.*)\.php$ /$1 [L,R=301]

THE_REQUEST包含浏览器最初发送的完整GET/POST请求，例如GET /index.php.因此，此处匹配的内容与上一个块相似.

THE_REQUEST contains the complete GET/POST request the browser originally sent, like GET /index.php. So what has been matched here is similar to the previous block.

• ^[A-Z]{3,9}首先与动词GET或POST等匹配，但不会捕获它以供重用
• /([^\ ]+)然后捕获/之后直至下一个空格的所有内容，例如GET /index.php中的index.
• \.php确实匹配

• ^[A-Z]{3,9} first matches the verb GET or POST, etc. but doesn't capture it for reuse
• the /([^\ ]+) then captures everything following / and up to the next whitespace, like the index in GET /index.php.
• The \.php is literally matched

好，然后下面的RewriteRule将具有上述条件的index捕获到%1中，然后实际上重定向浏览器以删除.php扩展名，因此浏览器的结束URL看起来像/index.

Ok, then the following RewriteRule takes that index captured into %1 with the above condition, and actually redirects the browser to remove the .php extension so the browser's ending URL looks like /index.

换句话说，如果浏览器请求带有.php扩展名的/directory/file.php，它将把用户重定向到/directory/file以剥离.php.

In other words, if the browser requests /directory/file.php with the .php extension, it redirects the user to /directory/file to strip off the .php.

RewriteCond %{THE_REQUEST} ^.*/index
RewriteRule ^(.*)index.php$ /$1 [R=301,L]

并且此匹配原始请求中包含/index的任何内容，但不必在URI的开头.换句话说，/directory/index将匹配，/directory/subdir/index.php也将匹配.无论匹配什么，它都将重定向到索引部分之前的内容.让我们分解一下:

And this one matches anything containing /index in the original request, but it need not be at the start of the URI. In other words, /directory/index would match, as would /directory/subdir/index.php. No matter what it matches, it is redirected to whatever comes before the index part. Let's break it down:

• ^(.*)匹配$1
开头的所有内容
• index.php ..在上面匹配的内容之后出现

• ^(.*) matches whatever comes at the start into $1
• index.php .. comes after whatever was matched above

然后将其仅重定向到$1组件，因此，如果/directory/subdir/index.php这样的URL如果浏览器直接请求，将被重定向为指向更干净的URL:/directory/subdir/，而index.php不会出现在地址栏.

That is then redirected just to the $1 component, so a URL like /directory/subdir/index.php if directly requested by the browser, would be redirected to point to the cleaner URL: /directory/subdir/ without the index.php appearing in the address bar.

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