您如何模拟xml以进行单元测试? [英] how do you mock an xml for unit testing?

问题描述

我需要对该GetData方法进行单元测试.

I need to unit testing this GetData method.

    public MessageResponse GetData(XmlElement requestElement)
    {   
        MessageResponse MsgResponse = new MessageResponse();


        if (requestElement.Attributes["employeeNo"] == null){
            MsgResponse.Messages = new List<string>();
            MsgResponse.Messages.Add("Attribute employeeNo is missing");
            MsgResponse.Error = true;
            return MsgResponse;
        }
        if (requestElement.Attributes["xmlEmployeeName"] == null){
            MsgResponse.Messages.Add("Attribute xmlEmployeeName is missing");
            MsgResponse.Error = true;
            return MsgResponse;
        }
        return MsgResponse;
    }

此方法需要XmlElement参数.我该如何嘲笑它?在我的代码中，我首先创建了一个xmlDocument，然后加载了xml文件.

this method needs a XmlElement parameter. how do I mock it? in my code, I first created a xmlDocument, then load the xml file.

            XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
            doc.Load(xmlFilePath);
            requestElement = doc.DocumentElement;

让我测试一下，首先我需要创建一个没有employeeNo的xml文件，创建另一个没有名称的文件，对于其他情况可能还要更多.看起来好像很多工作.有更好的测试方法吗?

for me to test it, first i need to create a xml file without employeeNo, the create antoher one without name, maybe alot more for other scenarios. it just seems like alot work. is there a better way to test it?

我应该使用moq或其他测试框架来简化测试吗?

should I use moq or other testing framework to simplify the testing?

推荐答案

您可以创建要测试的元素，而无需读取文件:

You can just create the element you want to test with, w/o reading a file at all:

var doc = new XmlDocument();
doc.LoadXml("<MyTestElement/>");
var myTestElement = doc.DocumentElement;
myTestElement.Attributes["employeeNo"] = "fakeId";

var response = myTestResponder.GetData(myTestElement);

//assert whatever you need to

注意:每当您发现测试很难编写时，通常这意味着您的类/方法做得太多.

NOTE: every time you find out that the test is too hard to write, usually this means that your class/method does too much.

我认为，与提供的数据相比，您的方法可以验证输入.我建议您抽象化数据读取部分(使用一些xml反序列化器)以填充应用程序所需的数据模型.

I would assume, that your method verifies the input, than does something with the data provided. I would suggest that you abstract the data reading part (using some xml deserializer) to populate the data model you need for your application.

然后对反序列化数据的结果进行验证.像这样:

Then run validation on the result of the deserialized data. Something like:

public MessageResponse GetData(XmlElement requestElement)
{
   var data = _xmlDeserializer.Deserialize(requestElement);
   var validationResult = _validator.Validate(data);
    if (validationResult.Errors.Count > 0)
    {
         //populate errors
        return result;
    }

    _dataProcessor.DoSomethingWithData(data);
}

看看 FluentValidation ，获得一个不错的验证库.

Take a look at FluentValidation for a nice validation library.

如果您选择上述路线，那么您的测试就会简单得多.

If you go the above route, then your tests will be much simpler.

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