nasm未在Windows 8中执行文件 [英] nasm is not executing file in Windows 8
问题描述
最近开始学习Assembly，所以我对此还比较陌生.我们回到学校时就使用Linux，但我想尝试在PC上进行编码.我在Win8.1 64位系统上使用nasm.
Recently started learning Assembly so I'm relatively new to this. We use Linux back at school but I wanted to try coding on my PC. I'm using nasm on a Win8.1 64-bit system.
代码如下:
section .text
global _WinMain@16
_WinMain@16:
mov edx, len
mov ecx, msg
mov ebx, 1
mov eax, 4
ret 16
mov eax, 1
ret 16
section .data
msg db 'Hello, world!', 0xA
len equ $ - msg
nasm似乎正在运行，因为它响应命令，但不执行程序:
nasm seems to be running since it responds to the commands, but it doesn't execute the program:
如何运行该程序?代码是否有问题或系统兼容性?我的最后一招就是安装Ubuntu.
How can I run the program? Is there something wrong with the code or is it system compatibilities? My last resort would be to install Ubuntu.
推荐答案
我将从返回开始.
main.asm
[section] .text
global _main
_main:
mov eax, 6
ret ; returns eax (exits)
该程序所做的只是返回6.
All this program does is return 6.
像这样组装和链接:
c:\Users\James\Desktop>nasm -fwin32 main.asm
c:\Users\James\Desktop>ld -e _main main.obj -o main.exe
c:\Users\James\Desktop>main.exe
c:\Users\James\Desktop>echo %errorlevel%
6
使用堆栈框架.
Using a stack frame.
main.asm
[section] .text
global _main
_main:
push ebp ; set up stack frame
mov ebp,esp
push 6
pop eax; ; mov 6 into eax using the stack
leave ; destroy stack frame
ret ; return eax
编译:
c:\Users\James\Desktop>nasm -fwin32 main.asm
c:\Users\James\Desktop>ld -e _main main.obj -o main.exe
c:\Users\James\Desktop>main
c:\Users\James\Desktop>echo %errorlevel%
6
要使用自己的外部功能，您将:
To use your own external functions you would:
func.asm
[section] .text
global _func
_func:
push ebp ; set up stack frame
mov ebp,esp
mov eax, [ebp+8] ; move argument into eax
add eax, 3 ; eax = eax + 3
leave ; destroy stack frame
ret ; return to caller with (eax + 3)
main.asm
[section] .text
global _main
extern _func
_main:
push ebp ; set up stack frame
mov ebp,esp
push 3 ; push argument onto stack for function
call _func ; calling the function
add esp, 4 ; clean 1 argument
leave ; destroy stack frame
ret ; return what func returned in eax
编译:
c:\Users\James\Desktop>nasm -fwin32 func.asm
c:\Users\James\Desktop>nasm -fwin32 main.asm
c:\Users\James\Desktop>ld -e _main main.obj func.obj -o main.exe
c:\Users\James\Desktop>main
c:\Users\James\Desktop>echo %errorlevel%
6
我非常确定您的代码中是int 80h，而不是ret 16.
I'm pretty sure in your code instead of ret 16, you mean int 80h.
如果是这样，您将无法像在linux中那样在windows中进行系统调用，
但是，例如，您可以使用gcc链接到c's库函数； stdio's puts.
If so, you can't make system calls in windows like you can in linux,
but you can use gcc to link with c's library functions, for instance; stdio's puts.
要使用c或puts之类的c库函数，您可以执行以下操作:
To use c library functions like printf or puts you would do:
[section] .text
global _main
extern _puts
_main:
push ebp ; set up stack frame
mov ebp,esp
push helloStr ; push argument onto stack for function
call _puts ; calling the function
add esp, 4 ; clean 1 argument
mov eax, 0
leave ; destroy stack frame
ret ; return 0 (exit)
[section] .data
helloStr db "Hello World!",0
，而不是使用ld(因为参数很难正确设置)，
您可以像在普通c源文件中一样在obj文件中使用gcc.
And instead of using ld (because the parameters are tough to get right),
you can just use gcc on the obj file like you would an ordinary c source file.
c:\Users\James\Desktop>nasm -fwin32 main.asm
c:\Users\James\Desktop>gcc main.obj -o main.exe
c:\Users\James\Desktop>main
Hello World!
(输入会自动添加新行)
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