如何npm不以root身份安装全局? [英] How to npm install global not as root?

问题描述

我在没有root访问权限的unix框中.

I'm on a unix box where I don't have root access.

我将我的.npmrc文件(在用户的根目录中)更改为:

I changed my .npmrc file (in my user's root directory) to:

prefix=~/global_npm

现在，当我执行"npm install -g软件包名称"时，它将安装在我的global_npm目录中.哪个好 然后，我通过以下方式更新自己的.bashrc文件，从而获得了对其的路径访问权限:

Now when I do "npm install -g packagename" it installs inside my global_npm directory. Which is good. And then I gave myself path access to it by updating my .bashrc file with:

export PATH=$PATH:~/global_npm/bin

我还需要做其他事情吗?我想我需要设置NODE_PATH，但不确定吗?

Do I need to do anything else? I think I need to set NODE_PATH but I'm not sure?

推荐答案

Sindre Sorhus在

Sindre Sorhus has a great guide at github.com/sindresorhus/guides which I've reposted here.

npm默认情况下在您的项目中本地安装软件包.您还可以全局安装软件包(例如npm install -g <package>)(对于命令行应用程序有用).但是，这样做的缺点是您必须是root用户(或使用sudo)才能全局安装.

npm installs packages locally within your projects by default. You can also install packages globally (e.g. npm install -g <package>) (useful for command-line apps). However the downside of this is that you need to be root (or use sudo) to be able to install globally.

这是一种为给定用户全局安装软件包的方法.

Here is a way to install packages globally for a given user.

mkdir "${HOME}/.npm-packages"

2.引用此目录以供将来在.bashrc/.zshrc中使用:

2. Reference this directory for future usage in your .bashrc/.zshrc:

NPM_PACKAGES="${HOME}/.npm-packages"

3.指示npm在哪里存储全局安装的软件包.在您的$HOME/.npmrc文件中添加:

3. Indicate to npm where to store your globally installed package. In your $HOME/.npmrc file add:

prefix=${HOME}/.npm-packages

4.确保node将找到它们.将以下内容添加到您的.bashrc/.zshrc:

4. Ensure node will find them. Add the following to your .bashrc/.zshrc:

NODE_PATH="$NPM_PACKAGES/lib/node_modules:$NODE_PATH"

5.确保您将找到已安装的二进制文件和手册页.将以下内容添加到您的.bashrc/.zshrc:

5. Ensure you'll find installed binaries and man pages. Add the following to your .bashrc/.zshrc:

PATH="$NPM_PACKAGES/bin:$PATH"
# Unset manpath so we can inherit from /etc/manpath via the `manpath`
# command
unset MANPATH # delete if you already modified MANPATH elsewhere in your config
MANPATH="$NPM_PACKAGES/share/man:$(manpath)"

---

查看 npm-g_nosudo ，以自动完成上述步骤

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Check out npm-g_nosudo for doing the above steps automagically

注意::如果您正在运行OS X，则.bashrc文件可能不存在，并且终端将从另一个文件(例如.profile或.这些文件也位于用户的主文件夹中.在这种情况下，只需向它们添加以下行将指示终端也加载.bashrc文件:

NOTE: If you are running OS X, the .bashrc file may not yet exist, and the terminal will be obtaining its environment parameters from another file, such as .profile or .bash_profile. These files also reside in the user's home folder. In this case, simply adding the following line to them will instruct Terminal to also load the .bashrc file:

source ~/.bashrc

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