无法在python可执行文件上加载mkl_intel_thread.dll [英] Cannot load mkl_intel_thread.dll on python executable

问题描述

我正在尝试创建一个在Windows上运行但不安装python的可执行python程序，为此，我正在使用cx_Freeze.但出现以下错误:无法加载mkl_intel_thread.dll"

I'm trying to create an executable python program that runs on windows without python being installed, for this I'm using cx_Freeze. But I get the following error: "Cannot load mkl_intel_thread.dll"

在安装了python的PC(miniconda3)上，我使用cx_Freeze构建了可执行文件，当我运行该可执行文件时，我还会得到无法加载mkl_intel_thread.dll"的信息.我通过转到python文件夹Library \ bin修复了此问题，并将mkl_intel_thread.dll文件复制到了放置可执行文件的位置.问题是，即使mkl_intel_thread.dll位于文件夹中，当将整个文件夹移至另一台PC(未安装python)时，此错误仍会再次出现.

On my PC, which has python installed (miniconda3), I built the executable using cx_Freeze, and when I ran the executable I also would get "Cannot load mkl_intel_thread.dll". I fixed this by going to my python folder, Library\bin, and copied the mkl_intel_thread.dll file to where the executable is placed. The problem is, when moving the whole folder to another PC (without python installed), this error reappears, even though the mkl_intel_thread.dll is in the folder.

我要分发的文件(plot.py):

File that I want to distribute (plot.py):

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

a = [0, 1, 2]
b = [0, 2, 0]
plt.fill(a, b, 'b')
plt.show()

cx_Freeze设置文件(setup.py):

cx_Freeze setup file (setup.py):

import cx_Freeze
import sys
import matplotlib
import numpy
import os

os.environ['TCL_LIBRARY'] = "C:\\Miniconda3\\tcl\\tcl8.6"
os.environ['TK_LIBRARY'] = "C:\\Miniconda3\\tcl\\tk8.6"


executables = [cx_Freeze.Executable("plot.py")]


build_exe_options = {"includes":['numpy.core._methods',
        'numpy.lib.format', 'matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg']}

cx_Freeze.setup(
    name = "script",
    options = {"build_exe": build_exe_options},
    version = "0.0",
    description = "A basic example",
    executables = executables)

推荐答案

1. 尝试将在Library\bin或numpy\core下找到的所有以mkl开头的文件复制到build文件夹以及libiomp5md.dll中，请参见 cx_freeze转换后的GUI -p(tkinter)在按下plot-Button后崩溃.

1. Try to copy all files starting with mkl you find under Library\bin or numpy\core into the build folder, as well as libiomp5md.dll, see Python Pyinstaller 3.1 Intel MKL FATAL ERROR: Cannot load mkl_intel_thread.dll and cx_freeze converted GUI-app (tkinter) crashes after pressing plot-Button.

一旦找到需要手动复制的文件，就可以使用build_exe选项的include_files列表，让cx_Freeze包括必要的文件(请参阅).下面的代码段).如有必要，可以在include_files列表中使用元组(source, destination)作为项目，以使cx_Freeze将文件从source复制到特定的destination到构建目录中，请参见cx_Freeze 文档.

Once you have found out which file(s) need(s) to be manually copied, you can let cx_Freeze include the necessary file(s) by using the include_files list of the build_exe options (see code snippet below). If necessary, you can use a tuple (source, destination) as item in the include_files list to let cx_Freeze copy a file from source to a specific destination into the build directory, see the cx_Freezedocumentation.

在您发布的问题中的设置脚本中，我还看到了其他潜在问题:

I see further potential problems in the setup script you've posted in your question:

• 使用build_exe选项的packages列表包含整个numpy软件包，这更容易，也可能更安全
• 动态找出TCL/TK DLL的位置更安全
• 对于cx_Freeze 5.1.1，TCL/TK DLL必须包含在构建目录的lib子目录中

• include the whole numpy packages using the packages list of the build_exe options, it is easier and maybe safer
• it is safer to dynamically find out the location of the TCL/TK DLLs
• for cx_Freeze 5.1.1, the TCL/TK DLLs need to be included in a lib subdirectory of the build directory

总而言之，请尝试使用

PYTHON_INSTALL_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.__file__))
os.environ['TCL_LIBRARY'] = os.path.join(PYTHON_INSTALL_DIR, 'tcl', 'tcl8.6')
os.environ['TK_LIBRARY'] = os.path.join(PYTHON_INSTALL_DIR, 'tcl', 'tk8.6')

build_exe_options = {'packages': ['numpy'],
                     'includes': ['matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg'],
                     'include_files': [(os.path.join(PYTHON_INSTALL_DIR, 'DLLs', 'tcl86t.dll'),
                                        os.path.join('lib', 'tcl86t.dll')),
                                       (os.path.join(PYTHON_INSTALL_DIR, 'DLLs', 'tk86t.dll'),
                                        os.path.join('lib', 'tk86t.dll'))
                                       # add here further files which need to be included as described in 1.
                                      ]}

在您的设置脚本中.

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