使用PyOpenGL可视化3D NumPy数组 [英] Visualizing a 3D NumPy array with PyOpenGL
问题描述
我想创建一个PyOpenGL/QtOpenGL小部件，使我可以可视化任意NumPy 3D矩阵，这与以下设想为立方体立方体"而不是正方形正方形"的欣顿图没有什么不同:
尽管我在OpenGL方面有些艰难.到目前为止，这是我的代码:
from OpenGL.GL import *
from OpenGL.GLUT import *
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtOpenGL
import numpy as np
action_keymap = {
# 'a': lambda: glTranslate(-1, 0, 0),
# 'd': lambda: glTranslate( 1, 0, 0),
# 'w': lambda: glTranslate( 0, 1, 0),
# 's': lambda: glTranslate( 0,-1, 0),
'a': lambda: glRotate(-5, 0, 1, 0),
'd': lambda: glRotate( 5, 0, 1, 0),
# 'W': lambda: glRotate(-5, 1, 0, 0),
# 'S': lambda: glRotate( 5, 1, 0, 0),
}
ARRAY = np.ones([3,3,3])
class GLWidget(QtOpenGL.QGLWidget):
def paintGL(self):
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)
for idx, value in np.ndenumerate(ARRAY):
rel_pos = np.array(idx)/np.max(ARRAY.shape)
glTranslate(* rel_pos)
glutSolidCube(0.9/np.max(ARRAY.shape))
glTranslate(*-rel_pos)
def resizeGL(self, w, h):
glLoadIdentity()
glRotate(35,1,0,0)
glRotate(45,0,1,0)
def initializeGL(self):
glClearColor(0.1, 0.1, 0.3, 1.0)
def keyPressEvent(self, event):
action = action_keymap.get(str(event.text()))
if action:
action()
self.updateGL()
def mousePressEvent(self, event):
super().mousePressEvent(event)
self.press_point = event.pos()
def mouseMoveEvent(self, event):
super().mouseMoveEvent(event)
motion = event.pos()-self.press_point
self.press_point = event.pos()
glRotate(motion.x(),0,1,0)
glRotate(motion.y(),1,0,0)
self.updateGL()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
w = GLWidget()
w.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
我的问题如下:
1)照明.我一直在阅读照明和材料，但似乎无法在某处获得简单的照明以使形状更清晰.我希望能够使用最简单，最基本的光源来区分正方形，而不是将所有侧面都渲染为纯白色.我知道如何更改颜色，但是并不能缓解问题. 我可以在此晶格上发光以使子组件更加清晰的最简单的光是什么?
2)它很慢.我将进行数学计算，以实现线下正方形的正确定位和调整大小，但我想知道是否存在一种矢量化过程的方法(毕竟，它只是将索引转换为转换，而将值转换为多维数据集数组中每个元素的大小).我应该用cpp编写扩展名，用ctypes包装代码，还是有办法将工作明确地外包给OpenGL? 从Python向OpenGL发送重复任务的标准方法是什么?
此任务非常适合 NumPy 数组的ach元素呈现多维数据集. /p>
让我们假设下面的3D数组(array3d)的随机值范围为[0，1]:
shape = [5, 4, 6]
number_of = shape[0] * shape[1] * shape[2]
array3d = np.array(np.random.rand(number_of), dtype=np.float32).reshape(shape)
对于数组的每个元素，必须渲染一个网格(立方体)的实例:
例如
number_of = array3d.shape[0] * array3d.shape[1] * array3d.shape[2]
glDrawElementsInstanced(GL_TRIANGLES, self.__no_indices, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, None, number_of)
可以将数组加载到3D纹理( glTexImage3D ):
glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE1)
tex3DObj = glGenTextures(1)
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_3D, tex3DObj)
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_3D, GL_TEXTURE_MAX_LEVEL, 0)
glTexImage3D(GL_TEXTURE_3D, 0, GL_R16F, *array3d.shape, 0, GL_RED, GL_FLOAT, array3d)
在单个多维数据集的顶点着色器中，可以通过3D纹理的尺寸(等于3D阵列的形状)和 具有尺寸和 并且可以获取元素的值( 最后，可以计算出取决于元素索引和元素值的实例转换矩阵: 该值还可以通过立方体的颜色可视化.为此，在 HSV 颜色范围:
请参见纯 NumPy / I want to create a PyOpenGL/QtOpenGL widget that will allow me to visualize an arbitrary NumPy 3D matrix, not unlike the following Hinton diagram envisioned as a "cube of cubes" instead of a "square of squares": I'm having a bit of a rough time with OpenGL though. Here is my code thus far: My problems are as follows: 1) Lighting. I've been reading up on lighting and materials, but I cannot seem to get a simple light somewhere giving the shape some clarity. I'd like the simplest, most basic possible light to be able to distinguish the squares instead of them being all rendered as pure white on all sides. I know how to change the color, but it doesn't alleviate the problem. What is the simplest light I can shine on this lattice to get some clarity on the subcomponents? 2) It is slow. I'll work out the math to achieve proper positioning and resizing of squares down the line, but I was wondering if there was a way to vectorize the process (after all, it's only turning the index into a translation and the value into a cube size for every element in the array). Should I write an extension in cpp, wrap my code with ctypes, or is there a way to outsource the work to OpenGL explicitly? What is the standard way to send a repetitive task to OpenGL from Python? This task is perfectly suited for Instancing. With instancing an object can be rendered multiple times. In this case instancing is used to render a cube for ach element of a 3d NumPy array. Lets assume we've the following 3D array ( For each element of the array an instance of a mesh (cube) has to be rendered: e.g. The array can be loaded to a 3D texture ( In the vertex shader for a single cube, a instance transformation matrix can be computes by the dimension of the 3D texture (which is equal the shape of the 3D array) and the Assuming a vertex shader with a §D texture sampler uniform The dimension of the texture can be get by With the dimension and the and the value of the element can be fetched ( Finally a instance transformation matrix dependent on the element index and element value can be calculated: The value can be additionally visualized by the color of the cube. For this the floating point value in the range [0.0, 1.0] is transformed to a RGB color in the HSV color range:
See the pure NumPy / PyOpenGL example program. The values of the array are changed randomly:
这篇关于使用PyOpenGL可视化3D NumPy数组的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！in vec3 a_pos;
uniform sampler3D u_array3D;
ivec3 dim = textureSize(u_array3D, 0);
gl_InstanceID ，可以计算元素的索引:
ivec3 inx = ivec3(0);
inx.z = gl_InstanceID / (dim.x * dim.y);
inx.y = (gl_InstanceID - inx.z * dim.x * dim.y) / dim.x;
inx.x = gl_InstanceID - inx.z * dim.x * dim.y - inx.y * dim.x;
texelFetch ):
float value = texelFetch(u_array3D, inx, 0).x;
vec3 scale = 1.0 / vec3(dim);
scale = vec3(min(scale.x, min(scale.y, scale.z)));
vec3 trans = 2 * scale * (vec3(inx) - vec3(dim-1) / 2.0);
mat4 instanceMat = mat4(
vec4(scale.x * cube_scale, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
vec4(0.0, scale.y * cube_scale, 0.0, 0.0),
vec4(0.0, 0.0, scale.z * cube_scale, 0.0),
vec4(trans, 1.0)
);
vec4 instance_pos = instanceMat * vec4(a_pos, 1.0);
vec3 HUEtoRGB(in float H)
{
float R = abs(H * 6.0 - 3.0) - 1.0;
float G = 2.0 - abs(H * 6.0 - 2.0);
float B = 2.0 - abs(H * 6.0 - 4.0);
return clamp( vec3(R,G,B), 0.0, 1.0 );
}
vec3 color = HUEtoRGB(0.66 * (1-0 - value));
import numpy as np
from OpenGL.GLUT import *
from OpenGL.GL import *
from OpenGL.GL.shaders import *
class MyWindow:
__glsl_vert = """
#version 450 core
layout (location = 0) in vec3 a_pos;
layout (location = 1) in vec3 a_nv;
layout (location = 2) in vec4 a_col;
out vec3 v_pos;
out vec3 v_nv;
out vec4 v_color;
layout (binding = 1) uniform sampler3D u_array3D;
uniform mat4 u_proj;
uniform mat4 u_view;
uniform mat4 u_model;
vec3 HUEtoRGB(in float H)
{
float R = abs(H * 6.0 - 3.0) - 1.0;
float G = 2.0 - abs(H * 6.0 - 2.0);
float B = 2.0 - abs(H * 6.0 - 4.0);
return clamp( vec3(R,G,B), 0.0, 1.0 );
}
void main()
{
ivec3 dim = textureSize(u_array3D, 0);
vec3 scale = 1.0 / vec3(dim);
scale = vec3(min(scale.x, min(scale.y, scale.z)));
ivec3 inx = ivec3(0);
inx.z = gl_InstanceID / (dim.x * dim.y);
inx.y = (gl_InstanceID - inx.z * dim.x * dim.y) / dim.x;
inx.x = gl_InstanceID - inx.z * dim.x * dim.y - inx.y * dim.x;
float value = texelFetch(u_array3D, inx, 0).x;
vec3 trans = 2 * scale * (vec3(inx) - vec3(dim-1) / 2.0);
mat4 instanceMat = mat4(
vec4(scale.x * value, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
vec4(0.0, scale.y * value, 0.0, 0.0),
vec4(0.0, 0.0, scale.z * value, 0.0),
vec4(trans, 1.0)
);
mat4 model_view = u_view * u_model * instanceMat;
mat3 normal = transpose(inverse(mat3(model_view)));
vec4 view_pos = model_view * vec4(a_pos.xyz, 1.0);
v_pos = view_pos.xyz;
v_nv = normal * a_nv;
v_color = vec4(HUEtoRGB(0.66 * (1-0 - value)), 1.0);
gl_Position = u_proj * view_pos;
}
"""
__glsl_frag = """
#version 450 core
out vec4 frag_color;
in vec3 v_pos;
in vec3 v_nv;
in vec4 v_color;
void main()
{
vec3 N = normalize(v_nv);
vec3 V = -normalize(v_pos);
float ka = 0.1;
float kd = max(0.0, dot(N, V)) * 0.9;
frag_color = vec4(v_color.rgb * (ka + kd), v_color.a);
}
"""
def __init__(self, w, h):
self.__caption = 'OpenGL Window'
self.__vp_valid = False
self.__vp_size = [w, h]
glutInit()
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGB | GLUT_DEPTH)
glutInitWindowSize(self.__vp_size[0], self.__vp_size[1])
self.__glut_wnd = glutCreateWindow(self.__caption)
self.__program = compileProgram(
compileShader( self.__glsl_vert, GL_VERTEX_SHADER ),
compileShader( self.__glsl_frag, GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER ),
)
self.___attrib = { a : glGetAttribLocation (self.__program, a) for a in ['a_pos', 'a_nv', 'a_col'] }
print(self.___attrib)
self.___uniform = { u : glGetUniformLocation (self.__program, u) for u in ['u_model', 'u_view', 'u_proj'] }
print(self.___uniform)
v = [[-1,-1,1], [1,-1,1], [1,1,1], [-1,1,1], [-1,-1,-1], [1,-1,-1], [1,1,-1], [-1,1,-1]]
c = [[1.0, 0.0, 0.0], [1.0, 0.5, 0.0], [1.0, 0.0, 1.0], [1.0, 1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 1.0]]
n = [[0,0,1], [1,0,0], [0,0,-1], [-1,0,0], [0,1,0], [0,-1,0]]
e = [[0,1,2,3], [1,5,6,2], [5,4,7,6], [4,0,3,7], [3,2,6,7], [1,0,4,5]]
index_array = [si*4+[0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 3][vi] for si in range(6) for vi in range(6)]
attr_array = []
for si in range(len(e)):
for vi in e[si]:
attr_array += [*v[vi], *n[si], *c[si], 1]
self.__no_vert = len(attr_array) // 10
self.__no_indices = len(index_array)
vertex_attributes = np.array(attr_array, dtype=np.float32)
indices = np.array(index_array, dtype=np.uint32)
self.__vao = glGenVertexArrays(1)
self.__vbo, self.__ibo = glGenBuffers(2)
glBindVertexArray(self.__vao)
glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, self.__ibo)
glBufferData(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, indices, GL_STATIC_DRAW)
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, self.__vbo)
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vertex_attributes, GL_STATIC_DRAW)
float_size = vertex_attributes.itemsize
glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, False, 10*float_size, None)
glVertexAttribPointer(1, 3, GL_FLOAT, False, 10*float_size, c_void_p(3*float_size))
glVertexAttribPointer(2, 4, GL_FLOAT, False, 10*float_size, c_void_p(6*float_size))
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0)
glEnableVertexAttribArray(1)
glEnableVertexAttribArray(2)
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST)
glUseProgram(self.__program)
shape = [5, 4, 6]
number_of = shape[0] * shape[1] * shape[2]
self.array3d = np.array(np.random.rand(number_of), dtype=np.float32).reshape(shape)
glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE1)
self.tex3DObj = glGenTextures(1)
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_3D, self.tex3DObj)
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_3D, GL_TEXTURE_MAX_LEVEL, 0)
glTexImage3D(GL_TEXTURE_3D, 0, GL_R16F, *self.array3d.shape, 0, GL_RED, GL_FLOAT, self.array3d)
glutReshapeFunc(self.__reshape)
glutDisplayFunc(self.__mainloop)
def run(self):
self.__starttime = 0
self.__starttime = self.elapsed_ms()
glutMainLoop()
def elapsed_ms(self):
return glutGet(GLUT_ELAPSED_TIME) - self.__starttime
def __reshape(self, w, h):
self.__vp_valid = False
def __mainloop(self):
number_of = self.array3d.shape[0] * self.array3d.shape[1] * self.array3d.shape[2]
rand = (np.random.rand(number_of) - 0.5) * 0.05
self.array3d = np.clip(np.add(self.array3d, rand.reshape(self.array3d.shape)), 0, 1)
glTexSubImage3D(GL_TEXTURE_3D, 0, 0, 0, 0, *self.array3d.shape, GL_RED, GL_FLOAT, self.array3d)
if not self.__vp_valid:
self.__vp_size = [glutGet(GLUT_WINDOW_WIDTH), glutGet(GLUT_WINDOW_HEIGHT)]
self.__vp_valid = True
glViewport(0, 0, self.__vp_size[0], self.__vp_size[1])
aspect, ta, near, far = self.__vp_size[0]/self.__vp_size[1], np.tan(np.radians(90.0) / 2), 0.1, 10
proj = np.array(((1/ta/aspect, 0, 0, 0), (0, 1/ta, 0, 0), (0, 0, -(far+near)/(far-near), -1), (0, 0, -2*far*near/(far-near), 0)), np.float32)
view = np.array(((1, 0, 0, 0), (0, 0, -1, 0), (0, 1, 0, 0), (0, 0, -2, 1)), np.float32)
c, s = (f(np.radians(30.0)) for f in [np.cos, np.sin])
viewRotX = np.array(((1, 0, 0, 0), (0, c, s, 0), (0, -s, c, 0), (0, 0, 0, 1)), np.float32)
view = np.matmul(viewRotX, view)
c1, s1, c2, s2, c3, s3 = (f(self.elapsed_ms() * np.pi * 2 / tf) for tf in [5000.0, 7333.0, 10000.0] for f in [np.cos, np.sin])
rotMatZ = np.array(((c3, s3, 0, 0), (-s3, c3, 0, 0), (0, 0, 1, 0), (0, 0, 0, 1)), np.float32)
model = rotMatZ
glUniformMatrix4fv(self.___uniform['u_proj'], 1, GL_FALSE, proj )
glUniformMatrix4fv(self.___uniform['u_view'], 1, GL_FALSE, view )
glUniformMatrix4fv(self.___uniform['u_model'], 1, GL_FALSE, model )
glClearColor(0.2, 0.3, 0.3, 1.0)
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)
glDrawElementsInstanced(GL_TRIANGLES, self.__no_indices, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, None, number_of)
glutSwapBuffers()
glutPostRedisplay()
window = MyWindow(800, 600)
window.run()
from OpenGL.GL import *
from OpenGL.GLUT import *
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtOpenGL
import numpy as np
action_keymap = {
# 'a': lambda: glTranslate(-1, 0, 0),
# 'd': lambda: glTranslate( 1, 0, 0),
# 'w': lambda: glTranslate( 0, 1, 0),
# 's': lambda: glTranslate( 0,-1, 0),
'a': lambda: glRotate(-5, 0, 1, 0),
'd': lambda: glRotate( 5, 0, 1, 0),
# 'W': lambda: glRotate(-5, 1, 0, 0),
# 'S': lambda: glRotate( 5, 1, 0, 0),
}
ARRAY = np.ones([3,3,3])
class GLWidget(QtOpenGL.QGLWidget):
def paintGL(self):
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)
for idx, value in np.ndenumerate(ARRAY):
rel_pos = np.array(idx)/np.max(ARRAY.shape)
glTranslate(* rel_pos)
glutSolidCube(0.9/np.max(ARRAY.shape))
glTranslate(*-rel_pos)
def resizeGL(self, w, h):
glLoadIdentity()
glRotate(35,1,0,0)
glRotate(45,0,1,0)
def initializeGL(self):
glClearColor(0.1, 0.1, 0.3, 1.0)
def keyPressEvent(self, event):
action = action_keymap.get(str(event.text()))
if action:
action()
self.updateGL()
def mousePressEvent(self, event):
super().mousePressEvent(event)
self.press_point = event.pos()
def mouseMoveEvent(self, event):
super().mouseMoveEvent(event)
motion = event.pos()-self.press_point
self.press_point = event.pos()
glRotate(motion.x(),0,1,0)
glRotate(motion.y(),1,0,0)
self.updateGL()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
w = GLWidget()
w.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
array3d) of random values in the range [0, 1]:shape = [5, 4, 6]
number_of = shape[0] * shape[1] * shape[2]
array3d = np.array(np.random.rand(number_of), dtype=np.float32).reshape(shape)
number_of = array3d.shape[0] * array3d.shape[1] * array3d.shape[2]
glDrawElementsInstanced(GL_TRIANGLES, self.__no_indices, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, None, number_of)
glTexImage3D):glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE1)
tex3DObj = glGenTextures(1)
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_3D, tex3DObj)
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_3D, GL_TEXTURE_MAX_LEVEL, 0)
glTexImage3D(GL_TEXTURE_3D, 0, GL_R16F, *array3d.shape, 0, GL_RED, GL_FLOAT, array3d)
gl_InstanceID of the element cube.
The element cube is further scaled by the value of the element in the 3D texture.u_array3D and a vertex coordinate attribute a_pos:in vec3 a_pos;
uniform sampler3D u_array3D;
textureSize:ivec3 dim = textureSize(u_array3D, 0);
gl_InstanceID, the index of the element can be computed:ivec3 inx = ivec3(0);
inx.z = gl_InstanceID / (dim.x * dim.y);
inx.y = (gl_InstanceID - inx.z * dim.x * dim.y) / dim.x;
inx.x = gl_InstanceID - inx.z * dim.x * dim.y - inx.y * dim.x;
texelFetch):float value = texelFetch(u_array3D, inx, 0).x;
vec3 scale = 1.0 / vec3(dim);
scale = vec3(min(scale.x, min(scale.y, scale.z)));
vec3 trans = 2 * scale * (vec3(inx) - vec3(dim-1) / 2.0);
mat4 instanceMat = mat4(
vec4(scale.x * cube_scale, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
vec4(0.0, scale.y * cube_scale, 0.0, 0.0),
vec4(0.0, 0.0, scale.z * cube_scale, 0.0),
vec4(trans, 1.0)
);
vec4 instance_pos = instanceMat * vec4(a_pos, 1.0);
vec3 HUEtoRGB(in float H)
{
float R = abs(H * 6.0 - 3.0) - 1.0;
float G = 2.0 - abs(H * 6.0 - 2.0);
float B = 2.0 - abs(H * 6.0 - 4.0);
return clamp( vec3(R,G,B), 0.0, 1.0 );
}
vec3 color = HUEtoRGB(0.66 * (1-0 - value));
import numpy as np
from OpenGL.GLUT import *
from OpenGL.GL import *
from OpenGL.GL.shaders import *
class MyWindow:
__glsl_vert = """
#version 450 core
layout (location = 0) in vec3 a_pos;
layout (location = 1) in vec3 a_nv;
layout (location = 2) in vec4 a_col;
out vec3 v_pos;
out vec3 v_nv;
out vec4 v_color;
layout (binding = 1) uniform sampler3D u_array3D;
uniform mat4 u_proj;
uniform mat4 u_view;
uniform mat4 u_model;
vec3 HUEtoRGB(in float H)
{
float R = abs(H * 6.0 - 3.0) - 1.0;
float G = 2.0 - abs(H * 6.0 - 2.0);
float B = 2.0 - abs(H * 6.0 - 4.0);
return clamp( vec3(R,G,B), 0.0, 1.0 );
}
void main()
{
ivec3 dim = textureSize(u_array3D, 0);
vec3 scale = 1.0 / vec3(dim);
scale = vec3(min(scale.x, min(scale.y, scale.z)));
ivec3 inx = ivec3(0);
inx.z = gl_InstanceID / (dim.x * dim.y);
inx.y = (gl_InstanceID - inx.z * dim.x * dim.y) / dim.x;
inx.x = gl_InstanceID - inx.z * dim.x * dim.y - inx.y * dim.x;
float value = texelFetch(u_array3D, inx, 0).x;
vec3 trans = 2 * scale * (vec3(inx) - vec3(dim-1) / 2.0);
mat4 instanceMat = mat4(
vec4(scale.x * value, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
vec4(0.0, scale.y * value, 0.0, 0.0),
vec4(0.0, 0.0, scale.z * value, 0.0),
vec4(trans, 1.0)
);
mat4 model_view = u_view * u_model * instanceMat;
mat3 normal = transpose(inverse(mat3(model_view)));
vec4 view_pos = model_view * vec4(a_pos.xyz, 1.0);
v_pos = view_pos.xyz;
v_nv = normal * a_nv;
v_color = vec4(HUEtoRGB(0.66 * (1-0 - value)), 1.0);
gl_Position = u_proj * view_pos;
}
"""
__glsl_frag = """
#version 450 core
out vec4 frag_color;
in vec3 v_pos;
in vec3 v_nv;
in vec4 v_color;
void main()
{
vec3 N = normalize(v_nv);
vec3 V = -normalize(v_pos);
float ka = 0.1;
float kd = max(0.0, dot(N, V)) * 0.9;
frag_color = vec4(v_color.rgb * (ka + kd), v_color.a);
}
"""
def __init__(self, w, h):
self.__caption = 'OpenGL Window'
self.__vp_valid = False
self.__vp_size = [w, h]
glutInit()
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGB | GLUT_DEPTH)
glutInitWindowSize(self.__vp_size[0], self.__vp_size[1])
self.__glut_wnd = glutCreateWindow(self.__caption)
self.__program = compileProgram(
compileShader( self.__glsl_vert, GL_VERTEX_SHADER ),
compileShader( self.__glsl_frag, GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER ),
)
self.___attrib = { a : glGetAttribLocation (self.__program, a) for a in ['a_pos', 'a_nv', 'a_col'] }
print(self.___attrib)
self.___uniform = { u : glGetUniformLocation (self.__program, u) for u in ['u_model', 'u_view', 'u_proj'] }
print(self.___uniform)
v = [[-1,-1,1], [1,-1,1], [1,1,1], [-1,1,1], [-1,-1,-1], [1,-1,-1], [1,1,-1], [-1,1,-1]]
c = [[1.0, 0.0, 0.0], [1.0, 0.5, 0.0], [1.0, 0.0, 1.0], [1.0, 1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 1.0]]
n = [[0,0,1], [1,0,0], [0,0,-1], [-1,0,0], [0,1,0], [0,-1,0]]
e = [[0,1,2,3], [1,5,6,2], [5,4,7,6], [4,0,3,7], [3,2,6,7], [1,0,4,5]]
index_array = [si*4+[0, 1, 2, 0, 2, 3][vi] for si in range(6) for vi in range(6)]
attr_array = []
for si in range(len(e)):
for vi in e[si]:
attr_array += [*v[vi], *n[si], *c[si], 1]
self.__no_vert = len(attr_array) // 10
self.__no_indices = len(index_array)
vertex_attributes = np.array(attr_array, dtype=np.float32)
indices = np.array(index_array, dtype=np.uint32)
self.__vao = glGenVertexArrays(1)
self.__vbo, self.__ibo = glGenBuffers(2)
glBindVertexArray(self.__vao)
glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, self.__ibo)
glBufferData(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, indices, GL_STATIC_DRAW)
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, self.__vbo)
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vertex_attributes, GL_STATIC_DRAW)
float_size = vertex_attributes.itemsize
glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, False, 10*float_size, None)
glVertexAttribPointer(1, 3, GL_FLOAT, False, 10*float_size, c_void_p(3*float_size))
glVertexAttribPointer(2, 4, GL_FLOAT, False, 10*float_size, c_void_p(6*float_size))
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0)
glEnableVertexAttribArray(1)
glEnableVertexAttribArray(2)
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST)
glUseProgram(self.__program)
shape = [5, 4, 6]
number_of = shape[0] * shape[1] * shape[2]
self.array3d = np.array(np.random.rand(number_of), dtype=np.float32).reshape(shape)
glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE1)
self.tex3DObj = glGenTextures(1)
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_3D, self.tex3DObj)
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_3D, GL_TEXTURE_MAX_LEVEL, 0)
glTexImage3D(GL_TEXTURE_3D, 0, GL_R16F, *self.array3d.shape, 0, GL_RED, GL_FLOAT, self.array3d)
glutReshapeFunc(self.__reshape)
glutDisplayFunc(self.__mainloop)
def run(self):
self.__starttime = 0
self.__starttime = self.elapsed_ms()
glutMainLoop()
def elapsed_ms(self):
return glutGet(GLUT_ELAPSED_TIME) - self.__starttime
def __reshape(self, w, h):
self.__vp_valid = False
def __mainloop(self):
number_of = self.array3d.shape[0] * self.array3d.shape[1] * self.array3d.shape[2]
rand = (np.random.rand(number_of) - 0.5) * 0.05
self.array3d = np.clip(np.add(self.array3d, rand.reshape(self.array3d.shape)), 0, 1)
glTexSubImage3D(GL_TEXTURE_3D, 0, 0, 0, 0, *self.array3d.shape, GL_RED, GL_FLOAT, self.array3d)
if not self.__vp_valid:
self.__vp_size = [glutGet(GLUT_WINDOW_WIDTH), glutGet(GLUT_WINDOW_HEIGHT)]
self.__vp_valid = True
glViewport(0, 0, self.__vp_size[0], self.__vp_size[1])
aspect, ta, near, far = self.__vp_size[0]/self.__vp_size[1], np.tan(np.radians(90.0) / 2), 0.1, 10
proj = np.array(((1/ta/aspect, 0, 0, 0), (0, 1/ta, 0, 0), (0, 0, -(far+near)/(far-near), -1), (0, 0, -2*far*near/(far-near), 0)), np.float32)
view = np.array(((1, 0, 0, 0), (0, 0, -1, 0), (0, 1, 0, 0), (0, 0, -2, 1)), np.float32)
c, s = (f(np.radians(30.0)) for f in [np.cos, np.sin])
viewRotX = np.array(((1, 0, 0, 0), (0, c, s, 0), (0, -s, c, 0), (0, 0, 0, 1)), np.float32)
view = np.matmul(viewRotX, view)
c1, s1, c2, s2, c3, s3 = (f(self.elapsed_ms() * np.pi * 2 / tf) for tf in [5000.0, 7333.0, 10000.0] for f in [np.cos, np.sin])
rotMatZ = np.array(((c3, s3, 0, 0), (-s3, c3, 0, 0), (0, 0, 1, 0), (0, 0, 0, 1)), np.float32)
model = rotMatZ
glUniformMatrix4fv(self.___uniform['u_proj'], 1, GL_FALSE, proj )
glUniformMatrix4fv(self.___uniform['u_view'], 1, GL_FALSE, view )
glUniformMatrix4fv(self.___uniform['u_model'], 1, GL_FALSE, model )
glClearColor(0.2, 0.3, 0.3, 1.0)
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)
glDrawElementsInstanced(GL_TRIANGLES, self.__no_indices, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, None, number_of)
glutSwapBuffers()
glutPostRedisplay()
window = MyWindow(800, 600)
window.run()
