如何为初学者设置SSH配置文件 [英] How to set up an SSH config-file for beginners

问题描述

首先，我是SSH的新手.

First I am fairly new to SSH.

来自

From this question I have seen the need and benefit of setting up an SSH config file. While I was doing my research I noticed that there is a lot to know on SSH and I also found out that I have been using SSH keys and not the SSH server. I have been using the keys to push my code to my hosted repos.

所以现在我的问题是(我正在使用Windows 10):

So now my questions are(I am using windows 10):

1. 我可以不使用openSSH之类的工具来设置SSH配置文件吗?
2. 此配置文件存储在我的计算机中的什么位置?

推荐答案

默认情况下，您的%HOME%将是您的%USERPROFILE%

By default, your %HOME% will be your %USERPROFILE%

要创建新密钥，请确保将其添加到环境变量中:

To create new keys, make sure to add to your environment variables:

set GH=C:\path\to\git
set PATH=%GH%\bin;%GH%\usr\bin;%GH%\mingw64\bin;%PATH%

这样，您将可以从任何CMD会话(甚至不打开git bash会话)直接获得Windows 10上所需的所有命令，包括ssh-keygen.

That way, you will have all the commands you need, including ssh-keygen, on Windows 10, right from any CMD session (without even opening a git bash session).

要创建新的SSH密钥，请首先尝试使用不带密码短语的SSH密钥，并确保使用旧格式创建 在CMD会话中(不是git bash):

To create a new SSH key, try first to use an SSH key without passphrase, and make sure to create it with the legacy format in a CMD session (not git bash):

ssh-keygen -m PEM -t rsa -P "" -f %USERPROFILE%\.ssh\myNewKey

'myNewKey':无扩展名；没有'.xxx'.
(-m PEM用于产生旧格式，因为并非所有远程服务器都能够理解新的OPENSSH格式)

'myNewKey': no extension; no '.xxx'.
(The -m PEM is for producing the legacy format, because not all remote servers are able to understand then new OPENSSH format)

然后添加您的%USERPROFILE%\.ssh\config文件，以将新密钥与您的服务相关联(您将在其中注册您的%USERPROFILE%\.ssh\myNewKey.pub公钥)

Then add your %USERPROFILE%\.ssh\config file, to associate your new key to your service (in which you will have registered your %USERPROFILE%\.ssh\myNewKey.pub public key)

有关具体示例，请参见"在Windows中具有Git的多个Github帐户"，例如:

See "Multiple Github Accounts With Git In Windows" for an concrete example, as in:

ssh-keygen -m PEM -t rsa -P "" -f %USERPROFILE%\.ssh\github_key

然后，在%USERPROFILE%\.ssh\config中:

Host gh
 HostName github.com
 User git
 IdentityFile ~/.ssh/github_key  

这样，您可以将GitHub存储库的远程URL替换为:

That way, you can replace the remote URL of GitHub repository with:

gh:<yourGitHubUser>/<yourGitHubRepo>

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