openSSL与CA签署https_client证书 [英] openSSL sign https_client certificate with CA

问题描述

我需要:

• 创建CA证书
• 创建一个https_client-certificate
• 由CA签署https_client-certificate

通过在Linux上使用命令行-openSUSE.我创建了CA证书:

by using the command-line on Linux - openSUSE. I create the CA certificate:

 # openssl genrsa -out rootCA.key 2048
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
..........................................................+++
....................+++
e is 65537 (0x10001)
 # openssl req -x509 -new -nodes -key rootCA.key -days 3650 -out rootCA.pem
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:AA
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:A
Locality Name (eg, city) []:A
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:A
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:A
Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) []:A
Email Address []:A
 #

工作正常.然后创建https_client-certificate:

Works fine. Then I create the https_client-certificate:

 # openssl genrsa -out client1.key 2048
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
............................+++
.............................................+++
e is 65537 (0x10001)
 #
 # openssl req -x509 -new -nodes -key client1.key -days 3650 -out client1.pem
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:BB
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:B
Locality Name (eg, city) []:B
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:B
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:B
Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) []:B
Email Address []:B
 #

工作正常.现在，当我尝试用CA签署https_client-certificate时，这里出现了一些错误:

Works fine. Now when I try to sign the https_client-certificate with the CA I'm getting some error here:

 # openssl ca -in client1.pem -out client11.pem
Using configuration from /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf
Error opening CA private key ./demoCA/private/cakey.pem
139667082016400:error:02001002:system library:fopen:No such file or directory:bss_file.c:404:fopen('./demoCA/private/cakey.pem','re')
139667082016400:error:20074002:BIO routines:FILE_CTRL:system lib:bss_file.c:406:
unable to load CA private key
 #

我已经尝试过:

• 在Windows上使用绝对路径(打开CA私钥时出错)

但是对我来说没有成功.我在某处读到，特定输入的属性必须与在CA创建时输入的属性相同，但是至少在使用XCA-Tool在Windows上创建证书时，这是不正确的.只要我在CA上签名，我就可以输入完全不同的内容.有人能帮我吗?

but no success for me. I read somewhere that specific entered attributes need to be the same entered on CA-creation, but at least when creating certificates on Windows using XCA-Tool this is not correct. I can enter completely different stuff as long as I sign it with CA I can use it. Can someone help me?

更新: 我只使用.key和.pem，因为这在Windows上使用XCA-Tool可以工作...我实际上是在阅读openSSL Cookbook(

Update: I only use .key and .pem because this works for me on Windows using XCA-Tool ... I'm actual reading the openSSL Cookbook (https://www.feistyduck.com/library/openssl-cookbook/online/ch-openssl.html) to see if I did any special wrong. First thought, do I have to use .csr to sign a certificate, or can I do this using any other format too?

推荐答案

您正在使用"openssl ca"工具，默认情况下使用以下配置文件:/etc/ssl/openssl.cnf.换句话说，您不是要使用CA证书进行签名，而是使用该配置文件中的默认值.您还向客户端证书签名请求传递了-x509参数，这导致了无效的csr.

You are using 'openssl ca' tool which uses the following configuration file by default: /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf. In other words you were not trying to sign with your CA certificate but using default values from that config file. You were also passing -x509 parameter to the client certificate signing request which lead to an invalid csr.

请在下面找到有效的生成和签名命令.

Please, find below the working generation and signing commands.

生成CA密钥和证书:

openssl genrsa -out rootCA.key 2048
openssl req -x509 -new -key rootCA.key -days 3650 -out rootCA.pem \
-subj '/C=AA/ST=AA/L=AA/O=AA Ltd/OU=AA/CN=AA/emailAddress=[e-mail]'

生成客户端密钥和csr:

Generate client key and csr:

openssl genrsa -out client1.key 2048
openssl req -new -key client1.key -out client1.csr \
-subj '/C=BB/ST=BB/L=BB/O=BB Ltd/OU=BB/CN=BB/emailAddress=[e-mail]'

生成使用CA证书签名的客户端证书:

Generate client cert signed with CA cert:

openssl x509 -req -days 365 -CA rootCA.pem -CAkey rootCA.key \
-CAcreateserial -CAserial serial -in client1.csr -out client1.pem

当然，您可以将配置文件设置为使用正确的CA文件，然后再使用"openssl ca"工具.

Of course you can set your config file to use right CA files and use the 'openssl ca' tool after that.

您可以这样验证证书:

openssl verify -verbose -CAfile rootCA.pem client1.pem

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