使用imap下载新电子邮件附件的Python脚本 [英] Python Script for downloading new email attachments using imap

问题描述

导入电子邮件 导入imaplib 导入操作系统

import email import imaplib import os

class FetchEmail():

    connection = None
    error = None
    mail_server="outlook.office365.com"
    username="[e-mail]"
    password="'Password'"
self.save_attachment(self,msg,download_folder)
def __init__(self, mail_server, username, password):
    self.connection = imaplib.IMAP4_SSL(mail_server)
    self.connection.login(username, password)
    self.connection.select(readonly=False) # so we can mark mails as read

def close_connection(self):
    """
    Close the connection to the IMAP server
    """
    self.connection.close()

def save_attachment(self, msg, download_folder="/tmp"):
    """
    Given a message, save its attachments to the specified
    download folder (default is /tmp)

    return: file path to attachment
    """
    att_path = "No attachment found."
    for part in msg.walk():
        if part.get_content_maintype() == 'multipart':
            continue
        if part.get('Content-Disposition') is None:
            continue

        filename = part.get_filename()
        att_path = os.path.join(download_folder, filename)

        if not os.path.isfile(att_path):
            fp = open(att_path, 'wb')
            fp.write(part.get_payload(decode=True))
            fp.close()
    return att_path

def fetch_unread_messages(self):
    """
    Retrieve unread messages
    """
    emails = []
    (result, messages) = self.connection.search(None, 'UnSeen')
    if result == "OK":
        for message in messages[0].split(' '):
            try: 
                ret, data = self.connection.fetch(message,'(RFC822)')
            except:
                print ("No new emails to read.")
                self.close_connection()
                exit()

            msg = email.message_from_string(data[0][1])
            if isinstance(msg, str) == False:
                emails.append(msg)
            response, data = self.connection.store(message, '+FLAGS','\\Seen')

        return emails

    self.error = "Failed to retreive emails."
    return emails

我目前有上面的代码，在第12行说没有定义self.可能是此错误的原因.我认为self是在 init 函数的该行下方定义的.

I have the above code currently, and at line 12 it says self is not defined. What could be the reason for this error. I think self is defined below that line in the init function.

推荐答案

好吧，仅通过查看代码，我就可以从一开始就看到不一致的缩进-这可能是您的主要问题.尝试在FetchEmail类中定义函数.

Well, just by looking at the code, I can see inconsistent indentation right from the start - this is probably your main problem. Try defining your functions within the FetchEmail class.

第二，将 init 函数更改为:

def __init__(self, mail_server=mail_server, username=username, password=password):

def __init__(self, mail_server=mail_server, username=username, password=password):

这实际上只是将默认值应用于 init 函数. 最后，对于我们在类中的save_attachment函数/save_attachment(self, msg, download_folder)，您将需要在 init 函数中或scipt的顶层(类定义之外)中调用它

this is effectively just applying default values to the init function. Lastly, to us the save_attachment function /save_attachment(self, msg, download_folder) within the class, you will either need to call it within the init function or within the top-level of the scipt (outside the class definition)

• 在类定义内(在init内):self.save_attatchment(msg,download_folder)
• 在顶层:使用fe = FetchEmail()创建FetchEmail对象后，您可以像这样调用save_attachment函数:attatchment_path = fe.save_attachment()

• Within class definition (within init): self.save_attatchment(msg,download_folder)
• Within top level: after creating an FetchEmail object using fe = FetchEmail() then you could call the save_attachment function like this: attatchment_path = fe.save_attachment()

这就是我实现 init 的方式:

class FetchEmail():
    def __init__(self,
        mail_server="outlook.office365.com", 
        username="[e-mail]",
        password="'RNjma17!'"):

        self.error = None
        self.connection = None
        self.mail_server = mail_server
        self.username = username
        self.password = password
        self.connection = imaplib.IMAP4_SSL(mail_server)
        self.connection.login(username, password)
        self.connection.select(readonly=False) # so we can mark mails as readread

    def close_connection(self): ...

请注意，如果要执行此操作，请记住将所有功能的引用更改为self.password，self.error等.

just take note, if you do this, just remember to change the reference of all your functions to self.password, self.error etc.

我不知道这是否行得通. 也许看看此.我认为这是您最好的选择.

I do not know whether this would work. Maybe take a look at this. I think it is your best bet.

祝一切顺利！

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