点对点:查找点的方法 [英] Peer to Peer: Methods of Finding Peers

问题描述

是否存在不使用专用中央服务器即可找到对等方的已知方法?

Are there any known methods of finding peers without using a dedicated central server?

ie:如果我的对等节点正在断开连接并重新连接到互联网，但是每次都获得一个新的IP地址，并且我想连接到它们而无需设置要注册的专用服务器.

ie: If I have peers which are disconnecting and reconnecting to the internet but getting a new IP address each time, and I want to connect to them without setting up a dedicated server to register with.

我当时正在考虑使用对等方的电子邮件地址定期发送已连接对等方的清单(带有某种时间码)，从而无需专用服务器.如果在尝试了所有先前已知的对等地址之后，没有对等节点可以连接，这将是一个后备方法.但是，寻找同伴的现有模型将是更可取的.

I was thinking about using peers email address to send a manifest of connected peers periodically, with some sort of timecode, negating the need for a dedicated server. This would be a fallback if none of the peers could be connected to after trying all the previously known peer addresses. But existing models of finding peers would be preferable.

推荐答案

必须知道至少一个初始对等方才能发现更多信息. 完全P2P协议，例如Gnutella或Gnutella2，或更简单的Overnet(由Storm Worm闻名)，是基于每个客户端的启动列表中的几个对等方的.例如，这些可以来自基于Web的自动跟踪器.客户端可以通过向其他对等方请求更多地址来发现整个网络或网络的一部分，例如在委派文件搜索时.

There's no way around having to know at least one initial peer to discover more. Fully P2P protocols, such as Gnutella or Gnutella2, or the simpler Overnet (made famous by Storm Worm), are based on each client having a start-up list of a few peers. These can come off a web-based automated tracker for example. The client will discover the whole network or portions of it by asking other peers for more addresses, for example when delegating a file search.

如果您真的不能拥有任何类型的集中式资源，那么您能做的最好的事情就是通过广播的消息并最终进行IP地址扫描来找到第一个对等节点.第一种方法是善意的，但在至少98％的情况下不会产生任何结果.当然，后一种方法是滥用互联网，并且在大多数国家/地区都是非法的.

If you truly can't have any kind of a centralized resource, the best you can do is find the first peer through broadcasted messages and ultimately IP address scanning. The first approach is well-meaning but in at least 98% of cases won't yield any results. The later approach, of course, is abusing the internet, as well as illegal in most countries.

我真的会重新考虑拥有某种中央跟踪器.它可以像Web服务器上的PHP脚本一样简单(今天的gnutella网络由十个二十个这样的脚本所支撑，这些脚本由彼此都不认识的人托管).而且，此邮件肯定比电子邮件轻巧(至少由于垃圾邮件过滤器而无法正常工作).

I really would rethink having some kind of a central tracker. It can be something as simple as a PHP script on a webserver (the gnutella network, today, is held up by ten-twenty such scripts, hosted by people who don't even know each other). And this sure is more lightweight than email (which, due to spam filters at the very least, would not work anyway).

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