版本名称为"custom"的conda软件包 [英] conda packages with version name of 'custom'

问题描述

使用conda search anaconda时，我发现了一些 自定义 版本软件包，如下所示:

When I using conda search anaconda I found a few custom version packages, shown as follow:

Fetching package metadata: ....
anaconda                 1.6.0                np17py33_0  defaults
                          ...                    ...          ...
                         4.0.0               np110py35_0  defaults        
                         4.0.0               np110py34_0  defaults        
                         4.0.0               np110py27_0  defaults        
                         custom                   py35_0  defaults        
                         custom                   py34_0  defaults        
                         custom                   py27_0  defaults 

请注意，这三个 custom 版本pkgs显示在conda search anaconda结果的末尾，因此，它们被conda视为最新版本，这也会影响conda install anaconda结果(因此，必须使用conda install anaconda=4.0.0).

Note that these three custom version pkgs are shown at the end of conda search anaconda results, so they are considered the newest version by conda, which also affects conda install anaconda results (so I have to using conda install anaconda=4.0.0).

然后conda info anaconda=custom给出以下结果:

Fetching package metadata: ....                                                

anaconda custom py35_0                                                         
----------------------                                                         
file name   : anaconda-custom-py35_0.tar.bz2                                   
name        : anaconda                                                         
version     : custom                                                           
build number: 0                                                                
build string: py35_0                                                           
channel     : defaults                                                         
size        : 3 KB                                                             
date        : 2016-03-14                                                       
license     : BSD                                                              
md5         : 47c237b38bfc175cb73aed8b8b33ade7                                 
space       : python                                                           
installed environments:                                                        
dependencies:                                                                  
    python 3.5*                                                                

anaconda custom py34_0                                                         
----------------------                                                         
file name   : anaconda-custom-py34_0.tar.bz2                                   
name        : anaconda                                                         
version     : custom                                                           
build number: 0                                                                
build string: py34_0                                                           
channel     : defaults                                                         
size        : 3 KB                                                             
date        : 2016-03-14                                                       
license     : BSD                                                              
md5         : 767a59923372d998b8c83fb16ac035a1                                 
space       : python                                                           
installed environments:                                                        
dependencies:                                                                  
    python 3.4*                                                                

anaconda custom py27_0                                                         
----------------------                                                         
file name   : anaconda-custom-py27_0.tar.bz2                                   
name        : anaconda                                                         
version     : custom                                                           
build number: 0                                                                
build string: py27_0
channel     : defaults                                                      
size        : 3 KB                                                          
date        : 2016-03-14                                                    
license     : BSD                                                           
md5         : 8288aef529d5a46d07bd84b4fcf4308a                              
space       : python                                                        
installed environments:                                                     
dependencies:                                                               
    python 2.7*           

但是我不知道/记住这三个程序包为何和为什么出现在这台计算机中，任何人都可以解释一下:

BUT I don't know/remeber HOW and WHY these three packages appear in this computer, can anyone explain:

1. 这些自定义版本pkg是如何首先创建的?
2. conda search结果中如何/为什么显示这些自定义版本pkg?
3. 如何删除这些自定义版本的pkgs?

1. How these custom version pkgs are created in the first place?
2. How/Why these custom version pkgs are shown in the conda search results?
3. How to remove these custom version pkgs?

推荐答案

存在的任何软件包的一个custom版本(目前，在官方软件仓库中)是anaconda软件包的.

The one custom version of any package that exists (right now, in the official repos) is for the anaconda package.

这是有原因的... anaconda conda软件包是 metapackages ，这意味着它们是软件包的软件包-或没有真正源代码且仅带来大量依赖项的软件包.每个anaconda程序包都将每个子程序包固定到该子程序包的显式和特定版本.这是因为Continuum对那组软件包(以及那些特定版本)的互操作性进行了广泛的测试.

Here's there reason... The anaconda conda packages are metapackages, meaning they are packages of packages--or packages that have no real source code and only bring in a bunch of dependencies. Each anaconda package has every sub-package pinned to an explicit and specific version of that sub-package. That's because Continuum does extensive testing on the interoperability of that set of packages (and those specific versions).

现在，在通过Anaconda安装程序安装了Anaconda或先安装Miniconda，然后再安装conda install anaconda后，您将获得一组具有所有这些经过测试保证的软件包.您没有理由必须坚持使用这套锁定的软件包-您可以安装任何您想要的任何版本.但是，您不再具有版本可识别的Anaconda发行版.您已经自定义了它.因此，当您运行conda list且anaconda软件包的版本显示为custom时，您便知道您已经脱离了Anaconda发行版中经过严格测试的互操作性的软件包集.

Now, after you've installed anaconda, either through the Anaconda Installer or installing Miniconda and then conda install anaconda, you have a set of packages with all of these tested guarantees. There's no reason you have to stick to this locked set of packages--you can install anything and any version you want. You no longer have a version-identifiable Anaconda Distribution though. You've customized it. Thus, when you run conda list and the version of the anaconda package shows custom, you know you've diverged from the set of packages in the Anaconda Distribution that are robustly tested for interoperability.

您的conda search anaconda查询仅反映了如何实现此结果.您会在该查询中注意到，custom软件包首先列出，这意味着它们在比较版本时的排序顺序最低.因此，如果您从专门固定的anaconda软件包中分离出来后运行conda update anaconda，您将返回到Anaconda发行版的编号版本.

Your conda search anaconda query just reflects an artifact of how this is implemented. You'll notice in that query that custom packages are listed first, meaning they have the lowest sort order when comparing versions. Thus, if you run conda update anaconda after you've diverged from the specifically-pinned anaconda packages, you'll be back to a numbered version of the Anaconda Distribution.

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