pandas DataFrame concat与追加 [英] Pandas DataFrame concat vs append
问题描述
我有一个4个熊猫数据框的列表，其中包含我想合并为一个数据框的一天的滴答数据.我无法理解concat在时间戳上的行为.查看以下详细信息:
I have a list of 4 pandas dataframes containing a day of tick data that I want to merge into a single data frame. I cannot understand the behavior of concat on my timestamps. See details below:
data
[<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>
DatetimeIndex: 35228 entries, 2013-03-28 00:00:07.089000+02:00 to 2013-03-28 18:59:20.357000+02:00
Data columns:
Price 4040 non-null values
Volume 4040 non-null values
BidQty 35228 non-null values
BidPrice 35228 non-null values
AskPrice 35228 non-null values
AskQty 35228 non-null values
dtypes: float64(6),
<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>
DatetimeIndex: 33088 entries, 2013-04-01 00:03:17.047000+02:00 to 2013-04-01 18:59:58.175000+02:00
Data columns:
Price 3969 non-null values
Volume 3969 non-null values
BidQty 33088 non-null values
BidPrice 33088 non-null values
AskPrice 33088 non-null values
AskQty 33088 non-null values
dtypes: float64(6),
<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>
DatetimeIndex: 50740 entries, 2013-04-02 00:03:27.470000+02:00 to 2013-04-02 18:59:58.172000+02:00
Data columns:
Price 7326 non-null values
Volume 7326 non-null values
BidQty 50740 non-null values
BidPrice 50740 non-null values
AskPrice 50740 non-null values
AskQty 50740 non-null values
dtypes: float64(6),
<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>
DatetimeIndex: 60799 entries, 2013-04-03 00:03:06.994000+02:00 to 2013-04-03 18:59:58.180000+02:00
Data columns:
Price 8258 non-null values
Volume 8258 non-null values
BidQty 60799 non-null values
BidPrice 60799 non-null values
AskPrice 60799 non-null values
AskQty 60799 non-null values
dtypes: float64(6)]
使用append我得到:
pd.DataFrame().append(data)
<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>
DatetimeIndex: 179855 entries, 2013-03-28 00:00:07.089000+02:00 to 2013-04-03 18:59:58.180000+02:00
Data columns:
AskPrice 179855 non-null values
AskQty 179855 non-null values
BidPrice 179855 non-null values
BidQty 179855 non-null values
Price 23593 non-null values
Volume 23593 non-null values
dtypes: float64(6)
使用concat我得到:
pd.concat(data)
<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>
DatetimeIndex: 179855 entries, 2013-03-27 22:00:07.089000+02:00 to 2013-04-03 16:59:58.180000+02:00
Data columns:
Price 23593 non-null values
Volume 23593 non-null values
BidQty 179855 non-null values
BidPrice 179855 non-null values
AskPrice 179855 non-null values
AskQty 179855 non-null values
dtypes: float64(6)
注意使用concat时索引如何变化.为什么会发生这种情况，我将如何使用concat重现使用append获得的结果? (因为concat看起来要快得多；每个循环24.6 ms，而每个循环3.02 s)
Notice how the index changes when using concat. Why is that happening and how would I go about using concat to reproduce the results obtained using append? (Since concat seems so much faster; 24.6 ms per loop vs 3.02 s per loop)
推荐答案
所以您正在执行的操作是append和concat与几乎等价.区别在于空的DataFrame.由于某种原因，这会导致严重的减速，不确定确切的原因，必须要考虑一下.以下是对您所做工作的重新介绍.
So what are you doing is with append and concat is almost equivalent. The difference is the empty DataFrame. For some reason this causes a big slowdown, not sure exactly why, will have to look at some point. Below is a recreation of basically what you did.
我几乎总是使用concat(尽管在这种情况下，它们是等效的，除了空白框外)； 如果您不使用空框，则它们的速度将相同.
I almost always use concat (though in this case they are equivalent, except for the empty frame); if you don't use the empty frame they will be the same speed.
In [17]: df1 = pd.DataFrame(dict(A = range(10000)),index=pd.date_range('20130101',periods=10000,freq='s'))
In [18]: df1
Out[18]:
<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>
DatetimeIndex: 10000 entries, 2013-01-01 00:00:00 to 2013-01-01 02:46:39
Freq: S
Data columns (total 1 columns):
A 10000 non-null values
dtypes: int64(1)
In [19]: df4 = pd.DataFrame()
The concat
In [20]: %timeit pd.concat([df1,df2,df3])
1000 loops, best of 3: 270 us per loop
This is equavalent of your append
In [21]: %timeit pd.concat([df4,df1,df2,df3])
10 loops, best of
3: 56.8 ms per loop
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