等价于Python中的Stata宏 [英] Equivalent of Stata macros in Python

问题描述

我正在尝试使用Python进行统计分析.

I am trying to use Python for statistical analysis.

在Stata中，我可以定义本地宏并根据需要展开它们:

In Stata I can define local macros and expand them as necessary:

program define reg2
    syntax varlist(min=1 max=1), indepvars(string) results(string)
    if "`results'" == "y" {
        reg `varlist' `indepvars'
    }
    if "`results'" == "n" {
        qui reg `varlist' `indepvars'
    }
end

sysuse auto, clear

所以代替:

reg2 mpg, indepvars("weight foreign price") results("y")

我可以做到:

local options , indepvars(weight foreign price) results(y) 
reg2 mpg `options'

甚至:

local vars weight foreign price
local options , indepvars(`vars') results(y) 
reg2 mpg `options'

Stata中的宏可以帮助我编写简洁的脚本，而无需重复代码.

Macros in Stata help me write clean scripts, without repeating code.

在Python中，我尝试了字符串插值，但这在函数中不起作用.

In Python I tried string interpolation but this does not work in functions.

例如:

def reg2(depvar, indepvars, results):
    print(depvar)
    print(indepvars)
    print(results)

以下运行正常:

reg2('mpg', 'weight foreign price', 'y')

但是，这两个都失败了:

However, both of these fail:

regargs = 'mpg', 'weight foreign price', 'y'
reg2(regargs)

regargs = 'depvar=mpg, covariates=weight foreign price, results=y'
reg2(regargs)

我发现了一个类似的问题，但没有回答我的问题:

I found a similar question but it doesn't answer my question:

• 如何在其中创建stata本地宏python?

对于R还有另一个问题:

There is also another question about this for R:

• 如何创建宏"用于R中的回归变量?

但是，我找不到专门针对Python的任何东西.

However, I could not find anything for Python specifically.

我想知道Python中是否有类似于Stata宏的内容?

I was wondering if there is anything in Python that is similar to Stata's macros?

推荐答案

您似乎只希望*和**运算符用于调用函数:

It looks like you just want the * and ** operators for calling functions:

regargs = 'mpg', 'weight foreign price', 'y'
reg2(*regargs)

使用*将列表或元组扩展为位置参数，或者使用**将字典扩展为关键字参数，以获取需要它们的函数.

Use * to expand a list or tuple into positional arguments, or use ** to expand a dictionary into keyword arguments to a function that requires them.

对于您的关键字示例，您需要稍微更改声明:

For your keyword example, you need to change the declaration a little bit:

regargs = dict(depvar='mpg', covariates='weight foreign price', results='y')
reg2(**regargs)

这篇关于等价于Python中的Stata宏的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！