以timedelta为条形宽度的条形图 [英] Bar plot with timedelta as bar width
问题描述
我有一个熊猫数据帧,其中一列包含时间戳(start
),另一列包含时间戳(duration
)来指示持续时间.
I have a pandas dataframe with a column containing timestamps (start
) and another column containing timedeltas (duration
) to indicate duration.
我正在尝试绘制条形图,以显示这些持续时间,并在时间戳记的左侧显示这些持续时间.无论如何我都没有在线找到它.有什么办法可以做到这一点?
I'm trying to plot a bar chart showing these durations with their left edge at the timestamps. I haven't found anyway online of doing it. Is there any way to achieve this?
到目前为止,这是我所拥有的,这是行不通的:
So far, this is what I have, which doesn't work:
height = np.ones(df.shape[0])
width = [x for x in df['duration']]
plt.bar(left=df['start'], height=height, width=width)
修改: 我更新了宽度,如下所示,但这也不能解决此问题:
I have updated the width as follows but that also doesn't solve this problem:
width = [x.total_seconds()/(60*1200) for x in df['duration']]
我很想知道在width
中是否可以使用datetime.timedelta
对象,因为datetime
对象可以用作x轴.如果没有,那还有什么替代方法?
I'm interested in knowing whether datetime.timedelta
objects can be used in width
, since datetime
objects can be used as x-axis. And if not, what alternatives are there?
编辑#2:
这可能不是我所提问题的确切答案,但它解决了我的初衷.对于感兴趣的人,这是我最终采用的方法(为此目的,我使用start
和duration
制作了end
)
This may not be the exact answer to my question, but it solved the purpose I had in mind. For whoever interested, this is the approach I took finally (I used start
and duration
to make end
for this purpose):
for i in range(df.shape[0]):
plt.axvspan(df.ix[i, 'start'], df.ix[i, 'end'], facecolor='g', alpha=0.3)
plt.axvline(x=df.ix[i, 'start'], ymin=0.0, ymax=1.0, color='r', linewidth=1)
plt.axvline(x=df.ix[i, 'end'], ymin=0.0, ymax=1.0, color='r', linewidth=1)
推荐答案
如果您的df.duration[0]
类型为pandas.tslib.Timedelta
,而您的timestamps
相距几天,则可以使用:
If type of your df.duration[0]
is pandas.tslib.Timedelta
and your timestamps
are days apart you could use:
width = [x.days for x in df.duration]
这将产生图表.
否则,请使用此答案中概述的total_seconds
方法
Otherwise use total_seconds
method as outlined in this answer
更新:
如果数据以小时为单位,以小时为单位,则以分钟为单位,那么获取所需图表的一种方法是这样的:
If the data is hourly with timedeltas in minutes then one way to have the chart you want is like this:
import datetime as dt
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
dates = pd.date_range(start=dt.date(2014,10,22), periods=10, freq='H')
df = pd.DataFrame({'start': dates, 'duration': np.random.randint(1, 10, len(dates))},
columns=['start', 'duration'])
df['duration'] = df.duration.map(lambda x: pd.datetools.timedelta(0, 0, 0, 0, x))
df.ix[1, 1] = pd.datetools.timedelta(0, 0, 0, 0, 30) # To clearly see the effect at 01:00:00
width=[x.minutes/24.0/60.0 for x in df.duration] # mpl will treat x.minutes as days hense /24/60.
plt.bar(left=df.start, width=width, height=[1]*df.start.shape[0])
ax = plt.gca()
_ = plt.setp(ax.get_xticklabels(), rotation=45)
这将产生如下图表:
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