如何使我的Perl脚本像Windows上的普通程序一样运行? [英] How do I make my Perl scripts act like normal programs on Windows?

问题描述

我希望我的Perl脚本的行为与任何其他可执行文件(* .exe文件)一样.

I want my Perl scripts to behave just like any other executable (*.exe file).

• 当我双击myscript.pl时，我希望它执行而不是在文本编辑器中打开.
• 我想运行myscript.pl而不是perl myscript.pl.
• 我真的想运行myscript而不是myscript.pl.
• 我想运行program | myscript而不是program | perl myscript.pl.
• 我希望能够通过拖放操作来运行我的脚本放下.

• When I double-click on myscript.pl I want it to execute instead of opening in a text editor.
• I want to run myscript.pl instead of perl myscript.pl.
• I really want to run myscript instead of myscript.pl.
• I want to run program | myscript instead of program | perl myscript.pl.
• I want to be able to run my script via drag & drop.

您必须在Windows上进行许多更改才能进行所有 这些东西起作用.用户通常会偶然发现不可以在其中完成的一项工作 时间让他们困惑自己是否犯了一个错误，其中有一个错误 Perl，Windows中存在一个错误，或者根本无法实现他们想要的行为. 该问题旨在提供一个单一的参考点 一切都在前面进行；理想情况是甚至在这些问题发生之前.

There are a number of changes you have to make on Windows to make all of these things work. Users typically stumble upon things that don't work one at a time; leaving them confused whether they've made an error, there's a bug in Perl, there's a bug in Windows, or the behavior they want just isn't possible. This question is intended to provide a single point of reference for making everything work up front; ideally before these problems even occur.

相关问题:

• 我如何使Perl脚本识别Win32 cmd控制台中的参数?
• 在没有扩展名的Windows上运行Perl脚本
• 从命令行问题执行Perl
• 如何在Perl上读取Perl中的管道输入Windows?
• Windows上的Perl，文件关联和I/O重定向
• 如何创建拖放草莓Perl程序?

• How do I make Perl scripts recognize parameters in the Win32 cmd console?
• Running a perl script on windows without extension
• Perl execution from command line question
• How can I read piped input in Perl on Windows?
• Perl on Windows, file associations and I/O redirection
• How do I create drag-and-drop Strawberry Perl programs?

推荐答案

注意:以下操作需要管理权限.为了 使用命令提示符的步骤，必须通过运行方式为 Windows Vista/Windows 7上的管理员".

Note: The actions below require administrative privileges. For steps utilizing the command prompt it must be launched via "Run as administrator" on Windows Vista / Windows 7.

在shell提示符下运行以下命令:

Run the following commands at a shell prompt:

assoc .pl=PerlScript
ftype PerlScript=C:\bin\perl.exe "%1" %*

将C:\Perl\bin\perl.exe替换为您的Perl安装路径.这 使您可以运行myscript.pl而不是perl myscript.pl.

Replace C:\Perl\bin\perl.exe with the path to your Perl installation. This enables you to run myscript.pl instead of perl myscript.pl.

默认安装位置为:

• ActivePerl:C:\Perl
• 草莓Perl:C:\Strawberry

• ActivePerl: C:\Perl
• Strawberry Perl: C:\Strawberry

这使Windows在搜索您的* .pl文件时将其视为可执行文件. 小路.它使您可以运行myscript而不是myscript.pl.

This makes Windows consider *.pl files to be executable when searching your PATH. It enables you to run myscript instead of myscript.pl.

您可以将其设置为当前的cmd会话

You can set it for the current cmd session

set PATHEXT=%PATHEXT%;.PL

要永久设置(在Windows Vista或Windows 7下)

To set it permanently (under Windows Vista or Windows 7)

setx PATHEXT %PATHEXT%;.PL

在Windows XP下，您必须使用GUI:

Under Windows XP you have to use the GUI:

1. 右键单击我的电脑"，然后单击属性".
2. 单击高级"选项卡.
3. 单击环境变量.
4. 选择PATHEXT，然后单击编辑".
5. 将;.PL附加到当前值.

1. Right-click My Computer, and then click Properties.
2. Click the Advanced tab.
3. Click Environment variables.
4. Select PATHEXT, then click Edit.
5. Append ;.PL to the current value.

进行I/O重定向工作

I/O重定向(例如program | myscript)不适用于已启动的程序 通过文件关联.有一个注册表修补程序可以解决此问题.

Make I/O redirection work

I/O redirection (e.g. program | myscript) doesn't work for programs started via a file association. There is a registry patch to correct the problem.

1. 启动注册表编辑器.
2. 在注册表中找到然后单击下面的项: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer
3. 在编辑"菜单上，单击添加值"，然后添加以下注册表值:
   • 值名称:InheritConsoleHandles
   • 数据类型:REG_DWORD
   • 基数:Decimal
   • 值数据:1

1. Start Registry Editor.
2. Locate and then click the following key in the registry: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer
3. On the Edit menu, click Add Value, and then add the following registry value:
   • Value name: InheritConsoleHandles
   • Data type: REG_DWORD
   • Radix: Decimal
   • Value data: 1

警告::原则上，仅在Windows XP上才需要这样做.以我的经验，在Windows 7中也是有必要的.在Windows 10中，这是有害的-程序执行但在stdout/stderr上什么也不产生.注册表项需要设置为0而不是1.

Warning: In principle, this should only be necessary on Windows XP. In my experience it's also necessary in Windows 7. In Windows 10 this is actively harmful—programs execute but produce nothing on stdout/stderr. The registry key needs to be set to 0 instead of 1.

另请参阅:

• 从文件关联开始的STDIN/STDOUT重定向可能不起作用
• 有关Perl脚本的信息Windows 10从资源管理器运行，但不从命令提示符运行

• STDIN/STDOUT Redirection May Not Work If Started from a File Association
• Perl Scripts on Windows 10 run from Explorer but not Command Prompt

如果不修补注册表，则不能运行program | perl -S myscript.pl 对于您的PATH中的脚本而言，这是一个比较烦人的解决方法.

If patching the registry isn't an option running program | perl -S myscript.pl is a less annoying work-around for scripts in your PATH.

为Perl添加拖放处理程序可让您通过拖放操作运行Perl脚本.降低; 例如将文件拖放到Windows资源管理器中的文件图标上 那里.运行以下脚本，将必要的条目添加到注册表中:

Adding a drop handler for Perl allows you to run a Perl script via drag & drop; e.g. dragging a file over the file icon in Windows Explorer and dropping it there. Run the following script to add the necessary entries to the registry:

use Win32::TieRegistry;
$Registry->Delimiter("/");
$perlKey = $Registry-> {"HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT/Perl/"};
$perlKey-> {"shellex/"} = {
    "DropHandler/" =>  {
        "/" => "{86C86720-42A0-1069-A2E8-08002B30309D}"
}};

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