如何对构造函数带有一些参数的类的方法进行单元测试? [英] How to unit test the methods of a class whose constructor take some arguments?

问题描述

我有一类这样的形式:

class A{  
    public function __constructor(classB b , classC c){
    //
    }

    public function getSum(var1, var2){
        return var1+var2;
    }
}

我的测试用例类是这样的:

My test case class is something like this:

use A;   
class ATest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase{  

    public function testGetSum{  
        $a = new A();
        $this->assertEquals(3, $a->getSum(1,2));  
    }  
}  

但是，当我运行phpunit时，它会抛出一些错误，例如:

However when I run the phpunit, it throws some error like:

Missing argument 1 for \..\::__construct(), called in /../A.php on line 5

即使我提供了参数，它也会抛出相同的错误，但是会在不同的文件中.
说，我实例化 $a = new A(new classB(), new classC());

Even if I provide the arguments, it throws the same error but in different file.
say, I instantiate by $a = new A(new classB(), new classC());

然后，对于classB的构造函数，我得到相同的错误(classB的构造函数与A的形式相似).

Then, I get the same error for the constructor of classB(the constructor of classB has similar form to that of A).

Missing argument 1 for \..\::__construct(), called in /../B.php on line 10

还有其他方法可以测试功能或缺少的功能.

Is there any other way, I can test the function or something which I am missing.

我不想使用模拟(getMockBuilder()，setMethods()，getMock())进行测试，因为它似乎违背了单元测试的全部目的.

I don't want to test by using mock (getMockBuilder(),setMethods(),getMock()) as it seems to defy the whole purpose of unit testing.

推荐答案

单元测试背后的基本思想是测试一个类/方法本身，而不是对该类的依赖.为了对类A进行单元测试，您不应使用构造函数参数的真实实例，而应使用 mocks . PHPUnit提供了一种很好的创建方式，因此:

The basic idea behind unit test it to test a class / method itself, not dependencies of this class. In order to unit test you class A you should not use real instances of your constructor arguments but use mocks instead. PHPUnit provides nice way to create ones, so:

use A;   
class ATest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase{  

    public function testGetSum{  
        $arg1Mock = $this->getMock('classB'); //use fully qualified class name
        $arg2Mock = $this->getMockBuilder('classC')
            ->disableOriginalConstructor()
            ->getMock(); //use mock builder in case classC constructor requires additional arguments
        $a = new A($arg1Mock, $arg2Mock);
        $this->assertEquals(3, $a->getSum(1,2));  
    }  
}  

注意:如果您不会在这里使用模拟的，但是真正的classB和classC实例将不再进行单元测试-它将是功能测试

Note: If you won't be using mock's here but a real classB and classC instances it won't be unit test anymore - it will be a functional test

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