用Python ping服务器 [英] Pinging servers in Python

问题描述

在Python中，是否可以通过ICMP对服务器进行ping操作，如果服务器响应则返回TRUE，如果没有响应则返回FALSE?

In Python, is there a way to ping a server through ICMP and return TRUE if the server responds, or FALSE if there is no response?

推荐答案

此功能可在任何操作系统(Unix，Linux，macOS和Windows)上使用
Python 2和Python 3

由 @radato os.system替换为subprocess.call.这样可以避免在主机名字符串可能未经验证的情况下 shell注入漏洞.

EDITS:
By @radato os.system was replaced by subprocess.call. This avoids shell injection vulnerability in cases where your hostname string might not be validated.

import platform    # For getting the operating system name
import subprocess  # For executing a shell command

def ping(host):
    """
    Returns True if host (str) responds to a ping request.
    Remember that a host may not respond to a ping (ICMP) request even if the host name is valid.
    """

    # Option for the number of packets as a function of
    param = '-n' if platform.system().lower()=='windows' else '-c'

    # Building the command. Ex: "ping -c 1 google.com"
    command = ['ping', param, '1', host]

    return subprocess.call(command) == 0

请注意，根据Windows上的@ikrase，如果出现Destination Host Unreachable错误，此函数仍将返回True.

Note that, according to @ikrase on Windows this function will still return True if you get a Destination Host Unreachable error.

说明

在Windows和类似Unix的系统中，该命令均为ping.
选项-n(Windows)或-c(Unix)控制在此示例中设置为1的数据包数量.

The command is ping in both Windows and Unix-like systems.
The option -n (Windows) or -c (Unix) controls the number of packets which in this example was set to 1.

platform.system() 返回平台名称.前任.在MacOS上为'Darwin'.
subprocess.call() 执行系统调用.前任. subprocess.call(['ls','-l']).

platform.system() returns the platform name. Ex. 'Darwin' on macOS.
subprocess.call() performs a system call. Ex. subprocess.call(['ls','-l']).

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