在ubuntu上将python3.4升级到python3.6会中断pip [英] Upgrading python3.4 to python3.6 on ubuntu breaks pip

问题描述

我目前拥有python3.4之后，尝试在自己的机器上安装python3.6.但是，安装后尝试在python3.6下运行pip会给我错误:

I'm attempting to install python3.6 on my machine after I currently have python3.4. However, after installation trying to run pip under python3.6 gives me the error:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "pip3", line 7, in <module>
    from pip import main
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/__init__.py", line 59, in <module>
    from pip.log import logger
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/log.py", line 9, in <module>
    import colorama, pkg_resources
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 1520, in <module>
    register_loader_type(importlib_bootstrap.SourceFileLoader, DefaultProvider)
AttributeError: module 'importlib._bootstrap' has no attribute 'SourceFileLoader'
Error in sys.excepthook:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 63, in apport_excepthook
    from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 5, in <module>
    from apport.report import Report
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 30, in <module>
    import apport.fileutils
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/apport/fileutils.py", line 23, in <module>
    from apport.packaging_impl import impl as packaging
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/apport/packaging_impl.py", line 20, in <module>
    import apt
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/apt/__init__.py", line 23, in <module>
    import apt_pkg
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'apt_pkg'

Original exception was:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "pip3", line 7, in <module>
    from pip import main
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/__init__.py", line 59, in <module>
    from pip.log import logger
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/log.py", line 9, in <module>
    import colorama, pkg_resources
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 1520, in <module>
    register_loader_type(importlib_bootstrap.SourceFileLoader, DefaultProvider)
AttributeError: module 'importlib._bootstrap' has no attribute 'SourceFileLoader'

关于该错误，互联网上有几条评论，但是，其中没有一条包含任何实际的解决建议.有谁知道我该如何解决?

There were several comments on the internet about that error being encountered, However, none of them contain any actual resolution suggestion. Does anyone have any idea how I could fix this?

推荐答案

我设法解决了这一问题，而未从源代码中安装任何东西. 这是我所做的:

I managed to solve it without installing anything from sources. Here's what I did:

1. 首先，为Python3.x安装pip(出于某些奇怪的原因，我没有它...)

1. First, install pip for Python3.x (for some weird reason I didn't have it...)

$ sudo apt-get install python3-pip

这是一个旧版本...

It is an old version...

$ pip3 --version
pip 1.5.4 from /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (python 3.4)

...因此升级到最新

$ sudo pip3 install --upgrade pip

现在好多了

$ sudo pip3 --version
pip 9.0.1 from /usr/local/lib/python3.4/dist-packages (python 3.4)

---

1. 然后升级virtualenvvwrapper

$ sudo pip3 install --upgrade virtualenvwrapper
# ...
Successfully installed pbr-3.0.1 six-1.10.0 stevedore-1.22.0 virtualenv-15.1.0 virtualenv-clone-0.2.6 virtualenvwrapper-4.7.2

现在创建一个新的virtualenv可以正常工作:

Now creating a new virtualenv works:

$ mkvirtualenv -p `which python3.6` <VIRTUALENV_NAME>

pip也可以:

$ pip install django
# ...
Successfully installed django-1.11.2 pytz-2017.2

$ pip freeze
Django==1.11.2
pytz==2017.2

注意:现在，我意识到这远远超出了您的要求，但是(不知道确切的失败原因)我想您应该在步骤2之后就可以了.

Note: Now I realize it's a bit more than what you asked for, but (without knowing where exactly you failed) I guess you should be OK after step 2.

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