结构的地址与它的第一个成员的地址相同吗? [英] Is a struct's address the same as its first member's address?
问题描述
考虑我的Struct如下:
Consider I have Struct like the following:
struct Bitmask
{
unsigned char payload_length: 7;
unsigned char mask: 1;
unsigned char opcode: 4;
unsigned char rsv3: 1;
unsigned char rsv2: 1;
unsigned char rsv1: 1;
unsigned char fin: 1;
};
const char* payload = "Hello";
const size_t payload_length = strlen(payload);
Bitmask* header = new Bitmask();
header->fin =1;
header->rsv1 = 0;
header->rsv2 = 0;
header->rsv3 = 0;
header->opcode = 1;
header->mask = 0;
header->payload_length = payload_length;
iovec iov[2];
iov[0].iov_base = (char*)header;
iov[0].iov_len = sizeof (header);
iov[1].iov_base = (char *)payload;
iov[1].iov_len = strlen(payload);
ACE_DEBUG ((LM_DEBUG,
ACE_TEXT ("iov[0].length = %d\niov[1].length = %d\n"),
iov[0].iov_len,
iov[1].iov_len));
size_t bytes_xfered;
client_stream_.sendv_n (iov, 2, 0, &bytes_xfered);
cout << "Transfered " << bytes_xfered << " byte(s)" << std::endl;
我正在使用适当的值对其进行初始化.最后,我想将结构转换为char *,以便可以附加我的有效负载(即char *消息)并通过websocket连接发送它.
I am initializing it with appropriate values. Finally, I want to convert the struct into char* so I can append my payload (which is char* message) and send it over a websocket connection.
推荐答案
结构的地址与它的第一个成员的地址相同吗?
Is a struct's address the same as its first member's address?
是的,这实际上是C和C ++标准强制要求的.从C标准开始:
Yes, this is actually mandated by the C and C++ standards. From the C standard:
6.7.2.1-13.适当转换的指向结构对象的指针指向其初始成员
6.7.2.1-13. A pointer to a structure object, suitably converted, points to its initial member
struct
的大小应为两个字节.不过,您不应将指向它的指针转换为char*
:相反,应使用 memcpy
,将您的Bitmask
复制到通过网络发送的缓冲区中.
The size of your struct
should be two bytes. You should not convert a pointer to it to char*
, though: instead, you should use memcpy
to copy your Bitmask
into the buffer that you send over the network.
编辑由于您将分散式I/O与iovec
结合使用,因此无需将Bitmask
强制转换为任何内容:iov_base
为void*
,因此您可以简单地进行设置iov[0].iov_base = header;
EDIT Since you use scatter-gather I/O with iovec
, you do not need to cast Bitmask
to anything: iov_base
is void*
, so you can simply set iov[0].iov_base = header;
注意:仅当struct
不包含虚函数,基类等(谢谢蒂莫)时,此方法才起作用.
Note: This works only as long as your struct
does not contain virtual functions, base classes, etc. (thanks, Timo).
EDIT2
为了在您的struct
中获得{0x81,0x05},您应该按以下方式更改结构元素的顺序:
In order to get {0x81, 0x05} in your struct
, you should change the order of structure elements as follows:
struct Bitmask {
unsigned char opcode: 4;
unsigned char rsv3: 1;
unsigned char rsv2: 1;
unsigned char rsv1: 1;
unsigned char fin: 1;
unsigned char payload_length: 7;
unsigned char mask: 1;
}
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