如何发出HTTP POST Web请求 [英] How to make an HTTP POST web request

问题描述

规范
如何使用 POST 方法发送HTTP请求并发送一些数据?

Canonical
How can I make an HTTP request and send some data using the POST method?

我可以执行 GET 请求，但是我不知道如何发出 POST 请求.

I can do a GET request, but I have no idea of how to make a POST request.

推荐答案

执行HTTP GET和POST请求的方法有几种:

There are several ways to perform HTTP GET and POST requests:

可用于:.NET Framework 4.5+，.NET Standard 1.1+，.NET Core 1.0+.

当前是首选方法，并且是异步且高性能的.在大多数情况下，请使用内置版本，但是对于非常旧的平台，有一个 NuGet包.

It is currently the preferred approach, and is asynchronous and high performance. Use the built-in version in most cases, but for very old platforms there is a NuGet package.

using System.Net.Http;

设置

建议实例化一个HttpClient保留您的应用程序的生命周期，并共享它，除非您有特定的理由不这样做.

Setup

It is recommended to instantiate one HttpClient for your application's lifetime and share it unless you have a specific reason not to.

private static readonly HttpClient client = new HttpClient();

请参见依赖注入解决方案.

• POST

var values = new Dictionary<string, string>
{
    { "thing1", "hello" },
    { "thing2", "world" }
};

var content = new FormUrlEncodedContent(values);

var response = await client.PostAsync("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx", content);

var responseString = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();

GET

var responseString = await client.GetStringAsync("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx");

RestSharp

• POST

 var client = new RestClient("http://example.com");
 // client.Authenticator = new HttpBasicAuthenticator(username, password);
 var request = new RestRequest("resource/{id}");
 request.AddParameter("thing1", "Hello");
 request.AddParameter("thing2", "world");
 request.AddHeader("header", "value");
 request.AddFile("file", path);
 var response = client.Post(request);
 var content = response.Content; // Raw content as string
 var response2 = client.Post<Person>(request);
 var name = response2.Data.Name;

Flurl.Http

这是一个更新的库，具有流畅的API，测试助手，在后台使用HttpClient且可移植.可通过 NuGet 来获得.

It is a newer library sporting a fluent API, testing helpers, uses HttpClient under the hood, and is portable. It is available via NuGet.

    using Flurl.Http;

---

• POST

  ---

  • POST

    var responseString = await "http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx"
        .PostUrlEncodedAsync(new { thing1 = "hello", thing2 = "world" })
        .ReceiveString();
    

  • GET

    var responseString = await "http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx"
        .GetStringAsync();
    

  可用在:.NET Framework 1.1+，.NET Standard 2.0+，.NET Core 1.0+.在.NET Core中，它主要是为了兼容性-它包装HttpClient，性能较低，并且不会获得新功能.

  Available in: .NET Framework 1.1+, .NET Standard 2.0+, .NET Core 1.0+. In .NET Core, it is mostly for compatibility -- it wraps HttpClient, is less performant, and won't get new features.

  using System.Net;
  using System.Text;  // For class Encoding
  using System.IO;    // For StreamReader
  

  ---

  • POST

    ---

    • POST

      var request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx");
      
      var postData = "thing1=" + Uri.EscapeDataString("hello");
          postData += "&thing2=" + Uri.EscapeDataString("world");
      var data = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(postData);
      
      request.Method = "POST";
      request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
      request.ContentLength = data.Length;
      
      using (var stream = request.GetRequestStream())
      {
          stream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
      }
      
      var response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
      
      var responseString = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream()).ReadToEnd();
      

    • GET

      var request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx");
      
      var response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
      
      var responseString = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream()).ReadToEnd();
      

    这是HttpWebRequest的包装. 与HttpClient 进行比较.

    This is a wrapper around HttpWebRequest. Compare with HttpClient.

    可用于:.NET Framework 1.1+，NET Standard 2.0+，.NET Core 2.0+

    using System.Net;
    using System.Collections.Specialized;
    

    ---

    • POST

      ---

      • POST

        using (var client = new WebClient())
        {
            var values = new NameValueCollection();
            values["thing1"] = "hello";
            values["thing2"] = "world";
        
            var response = client.UploadValues("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx", values);
        
            var responseString = Encoding.Default.GetString(response);
        }
        

      • GET

        using (var client = new WebClient())
        {
            var responseString = client.DownloadString("http://www.example.com/recepticle.aspx");
        }
        

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