Windows：如何将文件规范化到特殊文件夹？ [英] Windows: How to canonicalize a file to the special folder?

问题描述

我想为用户保留一些文件名（例如，最近的文件）。

让我们使用六个示例文件：

• c：\文档&;设置\Ian\我的文档\Budget.xls


• c：\Documents&设置\Ian\我的文档\我的图片\女儿的获奖目标.jpg


• c：\文档和设置\Ian\应用程序数据\uTorrent


• c：\Documents&设置\所有用户\应用程序数据\Consonto\SpellcheckDictionary.dat


• c：\Develop\readme。 txt


• c：\Program Files\Adobe\Reader\WhatsNew.txt

我现在正在硬编码特殊文件夹的路径。如果用户重定向其文件夹，漫游到另一台计算机或升级其操作系统，则路径将被破坏：

我想成为一名优秀的开发人员，并进行转换硬编码的绝对路径从相应的特殊文件夹到相对路径：

• ％CSIDL_Personal％\Budget.xls


• ％CSIDL_MyPictures％\女儿的获胜Goal.jpg


• ％CSIDL_AppData％\uTorrent


• ％CSIDL_Common_AppData％\Consonto\SpellcheckDictionary.dat


• c：\开发＼ ＼readme.txt


• ％CSIDL_Program_Files％\Adobe\Reader\WhatsNew.txt

难点在于，同一文件可以有多种表示形式，例如：

• c：\Documents&设置\Ian\我的文档\我的图片\女儿的获胜Goal.jpg


• ％CSIDL_Profile％\我的文档\我的图片\女儿的获胜Goal.jpg


• ％CSIDL_Personal％\我的图片\女儿的获胜Goal.jpg


• ％CSIDL_MyPictures％\Daughter's Winning Goal.jpg

还请注意，在Windows XP中，我的图片被存储在 我的文档：

 ％CSIDL_Profile％\我的文档
％CSIDL_Profile％\我的文档\我的图片
  

但是在Vista / 7上它们是分开的：

 ％CSIDL_Profile％\文档
％CSIDL_Profile％\图片
  





注意：我意识到语法
％CSIDL_xxx％\filename.ext 无效；
Windows不会像环境字符串一样扩展这些关键字
。我只是
，用它来问这个
问题。在内部，我显然会以其他方式存储
的项目，例如，作为 CSIDL parent
和路径的结尾，例如：

  CSIDL_Personal \Budget.xls 
 CSIDL_MyPictures \Daughter's Winning Goal.jpg 
 CSIDL_AppData TuTorrent 
 CSIDL_Common_AppData \Consonto\SpellcheckDictionary.dat 
 -1 c：\开发\readme.txt（-1，因为0是有效的csidl）
 CSIDL_Program_Files \ Adobe\Reader\WhatsNew.txt 
  

问题变成了，

---

我在想：

---

我在想：

  void CanonicalizeSpecialPath（字符串路径，ref CSLID cslid，ref字符串relativePath）
 {
返回 todo； 
} 
  

另请参见

• MSDN： CSIDL枚举


• 新旧事物：提防漫游用户配置文件


• 新旧事物：也要注意重定向文件夹


• MSDN：路径规范化功能

解决方案

我想您可以找到CSIDL如何映射到路径（使用诸如 SHGetKnownFolderPath ），建立它们的反向字典，然后检查w保留您要存储的路径的开头与字典中的任何键匹配，然后删除开头并存储与之匹配的CSIDL。

不太明显，但是它应该完成工作。

i want to to persist some filenames for the user (e.g. recent files).

Let's use six example files:

• c:\Documents & Settings\Ian\My Documents\Budget.xls
• c:\Documents & Settings\Ian\My Documents\My Pictures\Daughter's Winning Goal.jpg
• c:\Documents & Settings\Ian\Application Data\uTorrent
• c:\Documents & Settings\All Users\Application Data\Consonto\SpellcheckDictionary.dat
• c:\Develop\readme.txt
• c:\Program Files\Adobe\Reader\WhatsNew.txt

i'm now hard-coding path to special folders. If the user redirects their folders, roams to another computer, or upgrades their operating system, the paths will be broken:

i want to be a good developer, and convert these hard-coded absolute paths to relative paths from the appropriate special folders:

• %CSIDL_Personal%\Budget.xls
• %CSIDL_MyPictures%\Daughter's Winning Goal.jpg
• %CSIDL_AppData%\uTorrent
• %CSIDL_Common_AppData%\Consonto\SpellcheckDictionary.dat
• c:\Develop\readme.txt
• %CSIDL_Program_Files%\Adobe\Reader\WhatsNew.txt

The difficulty comes with the fact that there can be multiple representations for the same file, e.g.:

• c:\Documents & Settings\Ian\My Documents\My Pictures\Daughter's Winning Goal.jpg
• %CSIDL_Profile%\My Documents\My Pictures\Daughter's Winning Goal.jpg
• %CSIDL_Personal%\My Pictures\Daughter's Winning Goal.jpg
• %CSIDL_MyPictures%\Daughter's Winning Goal.jpg

Note also that in Windows XP My Pictures are stored in My Documents:

%CSIDL_Profile%\My Documents
%CSIDL_Profile%\My Documents\My Pictures

But on Vista/7 they are separate:

%CSIDL_Profile%\Documents
%CSIDL_Profile%\Pictures

Note: i realize the syntax %CSIDL_xxx%\filename.ext is not valid; that Windows will not expand those keywords like they are environment strings. i'm only using it as a way to ask this question. Internally i would obviously store the items some other way, perhaps as a CSIDL parent and the tail of the path, e.g.:

 CSIDL_Personal         \Budget.xls
 CSIDL_MyPictures       \Daughter's Winning Goal.jpg
 CSIDL_AppData          \uTorrent
 CSIDL_Common_AppData   \Consonto\SpellcheckDictionary.dat
 -1                     c:\Develop\readme.txt   (-1, since 0 is a valid csidl)
 CSIDL_Program_Files    \Adobe\Reader\WhatsNew.txt

The question becomes, how to use, as much as possible, paths relative to canonical special folders?

---

I'm thinking:

void CanonicalizeSpecialPath(String path, ref CSLID cslid, ref String relativePath)
{
   return "todo";
}

See also

• MSDN: CSIDL Enumeration
• New Old Thing: Beware of roaming user profiles
• New Old Thing: Beware of redirected folders, too
• MSDN: PathCanonicalize Function

解决方案

I suppose you could find out how the CSIDL map to paths (using something like SHGetKnownFolderPath), build a reverse dictionary of them, then check whether the beginning of the path you want to store matches any of the keys in the dictionary and then remove the beginning and store the CSIDL that matched.

Not overtly elegant, but it should get the work done.

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