我应该使用“名称"或"id"制作HTML锚吗? [英] Should I make HTML Anchors with 'name' or 'id'?

问题描述

当您想使用"http://example.com/#foo"方法引用网页的某个部分时，应该使用

When one wants to refer to some part of a webpage with the "http://example.com/#foo" method, should one use

<h1><a name="foo"/>Foo Title</h1>

或

<h1 id="foo">Foo Title</h1>

它们都起作用，但是它们是否相等，或者它们在语义上有区别?

They both work, but are they equal, or do they have semantic differences?

推荐答案

根据HTML 5规范，

According to the HTML 5 specification, 5.9.8 Navigating to a fragment identifier:

对于HTML文档(和text/html MIME类型)，必须遵循以下处理模型来确定文档的指示部分是什么.

For HTML documents (and the text/html MIME type), the following processing model must be followed to determine what the indicated part of the document is.

1. 解析URL，并让fragid为< fragment> URL的组成部分.
2. 如果fragid是空字符串，则文档的指示部分是文档的顶部.
3. 如果DOM中有一个元素的ID刚好等于fragid，则树形顺序中的第一个此类元素是文档中指示的部分；在此处停止算法.
4. 如果DOM中有一个 a 元素，其name属性的值恰好等于fragid，则树形顺序中的第一个此类元素是文档的指示部分；在此处停止算法.
5. 否则，文档中没有指示的部分.

1. Parse the URL, and let fragid be the <fragment> component of the URL.
2. If fragid is the empty string, then the indicated part of the document is the top of the document.
3. If there is an element in the DOM that has an ID exactly equal to fragid, then the first such element in tree order is the indicated part of the document; stop the algorithm here.
4. If there is an a element in the DOM that has a name attribute whose value is exactly equal to fragid, then the first such element in tree order is the indicated part of the document; stop the algorithm here.
5. Otherwise, there is no indicated part of the document.

因此，它将查找id="foo"，然后跟随name="foo"

So, it will look for id="foo", and then will follow to name="foo"

如@hsivonen所指出，在HTML5中，a元素没有名称属性.但是，以上规则仍适用于其他命名元素.

As pointed out by @hsivonen, in HTML5 the a element has no name attribute. However, the above rules still apply to other named elements.

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