将参数传递给javascript中的原型函数 [英] Passing parameters to a prototyped function in javascript

问题描述

我最近一直在尝试使用javascript进行原型制作，但我不知道为什么以下代码不起作用.我想做的是使用参数n创建一个Cheese的新实例.

I've been recently experimenting with prototyping in javascript and I can't figure out why the following code doesn't work. What I would like to do is create a new instance of cheese with parameter n.

function food(n) {
    this.n=n;
}
function cheese(n) {
    alert(this.n);
}
cheese.prototype=new food;
new cheese('paramesian');

推荐答案

您正在创建一个新的Cheese实例，并且从未使用或分配参数n或将其分配给Cheese实例变量this.n，因为该逻辑仅在Food构造函数上使用.

You are creating a new Cheese instance, and the argument n is never used or assigned to the Cheese instance variable this.n, because that logic is only used on the Food constructor.

您可以做几件事:

1. 应用 Cheese函数内部的Food构造函数，并使用arguments对象和新创建的上下文(this).

1 . Apply the Food constructor inside the Cheese function, using the arguments object and the newly created context (this).

function Food(n) {
    this.n=n;
}

function Cheese(n) {
    Food.apply (this, arguments);
    alert(this.n);
}

new Cheese('paramesian');

2.在Cheese构造函数上重复Food构造函数逻辑(this.n = n):

2 . Repeat the Food constructor logic (this.n = n) on the Cheese constructor function:

function Food(n) {
    this.n=n;
}

function Cheese(n) {
    this.n = n;
    alert(this.n);
}

Cheese.prototype = new Food();
new Cheese('paramesian');

3.使用另一种技术，例如电源构造器:

3 . Use another technique, like power constructors:

function food (n) {
  var instance = {};
  instance.n = n;

  return instance;
}


function cheese (n) {
  var instance = food(n);
  alert(instance.n);

  return instance;
}

cheese('parmesian');
cheese('gouda');

4.另一个选择，原型继承:

// helper function
if (typeof Object.create !== 'function') {
  Object.create = function (o) {
    function F () {}
    F.prototype = o;
    return new F();
  };
}

var food = {
  n: "base food",
  showName : function () { alert(this.n); }
};

var cheese1 = Object.create(food);
cheese1.n = 'parmesian';
cheese1.showName(); // method exists only in 'food'

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